SINTEF Ocean, Department of Environment and New Resources, Trondheim, Norway.
SINTEF Industry, Department of Process Technology - Multiphase Flow, Trondheim, Norway.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Aug;145:306-315. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.021. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
Understanding the fate of spilled oil in cold environments is essential for oil spill response in Arctic areas. The potential for oils to adhere to sea ice and mechanical skimmers can significantly impact the success of oil spill response and influence the fate of oil in the marine environment. Therefore, the affinity of oil to sea ice and skimmer material was quantified experimentally for three different types of oils at various degrees of weathering. Contact angle measurements of crude oil droplets were performed on the top of and under sea ice and polyethylene-based skimmer material, being submerged in seawater (-2 °C). In addition, "dip- and refloat" tests were performed to quantify the adhesion and study the re-floating process of oil from sea ice at -2 °C (moist ice) and -20 °C (cold dry ice), and from a skimmer material prior to and subsequently to its submersion in seawater (-2 °C). The results indicated limited interaction of oils with sea ice submerged in seawater, but a strong affinity of oils towards polyethylene-based skimmer material.
了解冷环境中溢油的命运对于北极地区的溢油应急至关重要。油类附着在海冰和机械撇油器上的可能性会极大地影响溢油应急的成功，并影响油在海洋环境中的命运。因此，本研究通过实验量化了三种不同类型的油在不同风化程度下与海冰和撇油器材料的亲和力。在 -2°C 的海水中，对位于海冰顶部和底部的原油液滴进行接触角测量，以及对聚乙烯基撇油器材料进行接触角测量。此外，还进行了“浸出-再浮出”测试，以量化油从 -2°C（潮湿冰）和 -20°C（寒冷干冰）下的海冰以及从撇油器材料中的附着情况，并研究了油从 -2°C（潮湿冰）和 -20°C（寒冷干冰）下的海冰以及从撇油器材料中的再浮出过程。结果表明，油类与浸没在海水中的海冰之间的相互作用有限，但油类对基于聚乙烯的撇油器材料具有很强的亲和力。
