Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Center for Human Genetics, CLAD Nord de France, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France.
Genes (Basel). 2019 Oct 22;10(10):833. doi: 10.3390/genes10100833.
Oral clefts are composed of cleft of the lip, cleft of the lip and palate, or cleft of the palate, and they are associated with a wide range of expression and severity. When cleft of the palate is associated with cleft of the lip with preservation of the primary palate, it defines an atypical phenotype called discontinuous cleft. Although this phenotype may represent 5% of clefts of the lip and/or palate (CLP), it is rarely specifically referred to and its pathophysiology is unknown. We conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) and apply a candidate gene approach to non-syndromic discontinuous CLP individuals in order to identify genes and deleterious variants that could underlie this phenotype. We discovered loss-of-function variants in two out of the seven individuals, implicating and genes, which represents almost one third of this cohort. Whole exome sequencing of clinically well-defined subgroups of CLP, such as discontinuous cleft, is a relevant approach to study CLP etiopathogenesis. It could facilitate more accurate clinical, epidemiological and fundamental research, ultimately resulting in better diagnosis and care of CLP patients. Non-syndromic discontinuous cleft lip and palate seems to have a strong genetic basis.
口腔裂由唇裂、唇腭裂或腭裂组成,具有广泛的表现和严重程度。当腭裂与唇裂相关,而保留了初级腭时,就定义了一种称为不连续腭裂的非典型表型。尽管这种表型可能占唇裂和/或腭裂 (CLP) 的 5%,但很少被专门提及,其病理生理学也不清楚。我们进行了全外显子组测序 (WES),并对非综合征性不连续 CLP 个体采用候选基因方法,以鉴定可能导致这种表型的基因和有害变异。我们在七个个体中的两个中发现了功能丧失变异,涉及 和 基因,这几乎占该队列的三分之一。对唇裂的临床定义明确的亚组,如不连续唇裂,进行全外显子组测序是研究唇裂发病机制的一种相关方法。它可以促进更准确的临床、流行病学和基础研究,最终为 CLP 患者提供更好的诊断和护理。非综合征性不连续唇腭裂似乎具有很强的遗传基础。