Deep Sea Research Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao, China.
Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 29;14(10):e0224373. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224373. eCollection 2019.
Decapod crustaceans, such as alvinocaridid shrimps, bythograeid crabs and galatheid squat lobsters are important fauna in the hydrothermal vents and have well adapted to hydrothermal vent environments. In this study, eighteen mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of hydrothermal vent decapods were used to explore the evolutionary history and their adaptation to the hydrothermal vent habitats. BI and ML algorithms produced consistent phylogeny for Decapoda. The phylogenetic relationship revealed more evolved positions for all the hydrothermal vent groups, indicating they migrated from non-vent environments, instead of the remnants of ancient hydrothermal vent species, which support the extinction/repopulation hypothesis. The divergence time estimation on the Alvinocarididae, Bythograeidae and Galatheoidea nodes are located at 75.20, 56.44 and 47.41-50.43 Ma, respectively, which refers to the Late Cretaceous origin of alvinocaridid shrimps and the Early Tertiary origin of bythograeid crabs and galatheid squat lobsters. These origin stories are thought to associate with the global deep-water anoxic/dysoxic events. Total eleven positively selected sites were detected in the mitochondrial OXPHOS genes of three lineages of hydrothermal vent decapods, suggesting a link between hydrothermal vent adaption and OXPHOS molecular biology in decapods. This study adds to the understanding of the link between mitogenome evolution and ecological adaptation to hydrothermal vent habitats in decapods.
软甲纲十足目动物，如磷虾目虾、扇蟹目蟹和铠甲虾目深海龙虾，是热液喷口的重要动物群，并且已经很好地适应了热液喷口环境。在这项研究中，我们使用了 18 种热液喷口十足目动物的线粒体基因组（mitogenomes）来探索它们的进化历史及其对热液喷口栖息地的适应。BI 和 ML 算法产生了一致的十足目动物系统发育关系。系统发育关系揭示了所有热液喷口群体的更进化位置，表明它们是从非喷口环境中迁移而来的，而不是古代热液喷口物种的残余，这支持了灭绝/再定居假说。对磷虾目、扇蟹目和铠甲虾目节点的分歧时间估计分别位于 75.20、56.44 和 47.41-50.43 Ma，这表明磷虾目虾的起源于晚白垩纪，扇蟹目蟹和铠甲虾目深海龙虾的起源于早第三纪。这些起源故事与全球深水缺氧/缺氧事件有关。在三种热液喷口十足目动物的线粒体 OXPHOS 基因中检测到了 11 个正选择位点，这表明热液喷口适应与十足目动物的 OXPHOS 分子生物学之间存在联系。本研究增加了对十足目动物线粒体基因组进化与对热液喷口栖息地生态适应之间联系的理解。
