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Rac1 对于豚鼠精子的获能和顶体反应是必需的。

Rac1 is necessary for capacitation and acrosome reaction in guinea pig spermatozoa.

机构信息

Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.

Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México.

出版信息

J Cell Biochem. 2020 Apr;121(4):2864-2876. doi: 10.1002/jcb.29521. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Abstract

Actin cytoskeleton remodeling is a critical process for the acquisition of fertilizing capacity by spermatozoa during capacitation. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates this process has not been fully elucidated. In somatic cells, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 protein (Rac1) promotes the polymerization of actin by participating in the modeling of two structures: lamellipodia and adhesion complexes linked with the plasma membrane. Rac1 is expressed in mammalian spermatozoa; however, the role of Rac1 in sperm physiology is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the participation of Rac1 in capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR). Rac1 was found to be dispersed throughout the acrosome and without changes in the middle piece. After 60 minutes of capacitation, Rac1 was found in the apical region of the acrosome only, which concurred with an increase in Rac1-GTP. Rac1 inhibition prevented such changes. In the middle piece, Rac1 localization remained unchanged. Besides, Rac1 inhibition blocked capacitation and AR. The present study demonstrates that Rac1 participates only in the actin cytoskeleton remodeling that occurs in the acrosomal apical region during capacitation, a region where a large amount of actin is polymerized and shaped in a diadem-like structure. Our data also show that this actin cytoskeleton organized by Rac1 interacts with filamin-1, and such interaction was blocked by the inhibition of Rac1, which led to a different organization of the actin cytoskeleton. All these outcomes imply that the formation of an F-actin cytoskeleton in the acrosomal apical region is a necessary event for capacitation and AR, and which is Rac1 driven.

摘要

肌动蛋白细胞骨架重构是精子在获能过程中获得受精能力的关键过程。然而,调节这一过程的分子机制尚未完全阐明。在体细胞中,Ras 相关 C3 肉毒杆菌毒素底物 1 蛋白(Rac1)通过参与两种结构的建模来促进肌动蛋白的聚合:与质膜相连的片状伪足和黏附复合物。Rac1 在哺乳动物精子中表达;然而,Rac1 在精子生理学中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在阐明 Rac1 在获能和顶体反应(AR)中的作用。发现 Rac1 分布在顶体中,中段没有变化。在获能 60 分钟后,Rac1 仅出现在顶体的顶端区域,这与 Rac1-GTP 的增加相一致。Rac1 抑制阻止了这种变化。在中段,Rac1 的定位保持不变。此外,Rac1 抑制阻止了获能和 AR。本研究表明,Rac1 仅参与顶体顶端区域的肌动蛋白细胞骨架重构,在该区域,大量的肌动蛋白聚合并形成冠状样结构。我们的数据还表明,由 Rac1 组织的这种肌动蛋白细胞骨架与细丝蛋白-1 相互作用,这种相互作用被 Rac1 的抑制所阻断,导致肌动蛋白细胞骨架的不同组织。所有这些结果表明,顶体顶端区域 F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架的形成是获能和 AR 的必要事件,这是 Rac1 驱动的。

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