Section of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois.
Otol Neurotol. 2020 Feb;41(2):242-249. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002502.
: The relationship between Menière's disease and endolymphatic hydrops is ambiguous. On the one hand, the existence of cases of endolymphatic hydrops lacking the classic symptoms of Menière's disease has prompted the assertion that endolymphatic hydrops alone is insufficient to cause symptoms and drives the hypothesis that endolymphatic hydrops is a mere epiphenomenon. Yet, on the other hand, there is considerable evidence suggesting a relationship between the mechanical pressure effects of endolymphatic hydrops and resultant disordered auditory physiology and symptomatology. A critical appraisal of this topic is undertaken, including a review of key histopathologic data chiefly responsible for the epiphenomenon hypothesis. Overall, a case is made that A) the preponderance of available evidence suggests endolymphatic hydrops is likely responsible for some of the auditory symptoms of Menière's disease, particularly those that can be modulated by mechanical manipulation of the basilar membrane and cochlear microphonic; B) Menière's disease can be reasonably considered part of a larger spectrum of hydropic inner ear disease that also includes some cases that lack vertigo. C) The relationship with endolymphatic hydrops sufficiently robust to consider its presence a hallmark defining feature of Menière's disease and a sensible target for diagnostic detection.
梅尼埃病与内淋巴积水之间的关系尚不清楚。一方面,存在内淋巴积水而缺乏梅尼埃病典型症状的病例,这促使人们断言内淋巴积水本身不足以引起症状,并提出内淋巴积水只是一种附带现象的假说。然而,另一方面,有大量证据表明内淋巴积水的机械压力效应与由此产生的听觉生理学和症状紊乱之间存在关联。对这一主题进行了批判性评估,包括对内淋巴积水附带现象假说主要负责的关键组织病理学数据的回顾。总的来说,有理由认为:A)现有证据的优势表明,内淋巴积水可能是梅尼埃病某些听觉症状的原因,特别是那些可以通过基底膜和耳蜗微音的机械操作来调节的症状;B)可以合理地认为梅尼埃病是内淋巴积水内耳疾病更大谱的一部分,其中还包括一些不伴有眩晕的病例;C)与内淋巴积水的关系足够紧密,可以考虑将其存在作为定义梅尼埃病的特征标志,并作为诊断检测的合理目标。