PEGASE, INRA, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, 35590, Saint-Gilles, France.
GABI INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
BMC Genomics. 2019 Nov 21;20(1):882. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-6093-3.
Lipids are important for the cell and organism life since they are major components of membranes, energy reserves and are also signal molecules. The main organs for the energy synthesis and storage are the liver and adipose tissue, both in humans and in more distant species such as chicken. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be involved in many biological processes including lipid metabolism.
In this context, this paper provides the most exhaustive list of lncRNAs involved in lipid metabolism with 60 genes identified after an in-depth analysis of the bibliography, while all "review" type articles list a total of 27 genes. These 60 lncRNAs are mainly described in human or mice and only a few of them have a precise described mode-of-action. Because these genes are still named in a non-standard way making such a study tedious, we propose a standard name for this list according to the rules dictated by the HUGO consortium. Moreover, we identified about 10% of lncRNAs which are conserved between mammals and chicken and 2% between mammals and fishes. Finally, we demonstrated that two lncRNA were wrongly considered as lncRNAs in the literature since they are 3' extensions of the closest coding gene.
Such a lncRNAs catalogue can participate to the understanding of the lipid metabolism regulators; it can be useful to better understand the genetic regulation of some human diseases (obesity, hepatic steatosis) or traits of economic interest in livestock species (meat quality, carcass composition). We have no doubt that this first set will be rapidly enriched in coming years.
脂质对于细胞和生物体的生命至关重要，因为它们是膜的主要成分、能量储备，也是信号分子。能量合成和储存的主要器官是肝脏和脂肪组织，无论是在人类还是在更遥远的物种如鸡中都是如此。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）已知参与许多生物学过程，包括脂质代谢。
在这种情况下，本文提供了涉及脂质代谢的 lncRNA 的最详尽列表，在对文献进行深入分析后确定了 60 个基因，而所有“综述”类型的文章总共列出了 27 个基因。这些 60 个 lncRNA 主要在人类或老鼠中描述，只有少数具有精确描述的作用模式。由于这些基因仍然以非标准的方式命名，使得这样的研究变得繁琐，我们根据 HUGO 联盟规定的规则为这个列表提出了一个标准名称。此外，我们鉴定出大约 10%的哺乳动物和鸡之间以及 2%的哺乳动物和鱼类之间保守的 lncRNA。最后，我们证明了两个 lncRNA在文献中被错误地认为是 lncRNA，因为它们是最接近的编码基因的 3'延伸。
这样的 lncRNA 目录可以参与到脂质代谢调节剂的理解中；它可以帮助更好地理解一些人类疾病（肥胖、肝脂肪变性）或经济利益性状（肉质、胴体组成）的遗传调控。我们毫不怀疑这个最初的集合在未来几年将迅速得到丰富。
