Shanghai Baize Medical Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Sep 7;15(12):2548-2560. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.34213. eCollection 2019.
Cancer immunotherapy by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells has shown exhilarative clinical efficacy for hematological malignancies. Recently two CAR-T cell based therapeutics, Kymriah (Tisagenlecleucel) and Yescarta (Axicabtagene ciloleucel) approved by US FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) are now used for treatment of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) respectively in the US. Despite the progresses made in treating hematological malignancies, challenges still remain for use of CAR-T cell therapy to treat solid tumors. In this landscape, most studies have primarily focused on improving CAR-T cells and overcoming the unfavorable effects of tumor microenvironment on solid tumors. To further understand the current status and trend for developing CAR-T cell based therapies for various solid tumors, this review emphasizes on CAR-T techniques, current obstacles, and strategies for application, as well as necessary companion diagnostics for treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells.
嵌合抗原受体修饰 T (CAR-T) 细胞的癌症免疫疗法在血液恶性肿瘤方面显示出令人振奋的临床疗效。最近，美国食品和药物管理局 (US FDA) 批准了两种基于 CAR-T 细胞的疗法，即 Kymriah (Tisagenlecleucel) 和 Yescarta (Axicabtagene ciloleucel)，分别用于治疗美国的 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病 (B-ALL) 和弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 (DLBCL)。尽管在治疗血液恶性肿瘤方面取得了进展，但在使用 CAR-T 细胞疗法治疗实体瘤方面仍存在挑战。在这种情况下，大多数研究主要集中在改进 CAR-T 细胞和克服肿瘤微环境对实体瘤的不利影响上。为了进一步了解用于各种实体瘤的 CAR-T 细胞疗法的现状和趋势，本综述强调了 CAR-T 技术、当前的障碍和应用策略，以及用 CAR-T 细胞治疗实体瘤所需的伴随诊断。
