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夜间高温胁迫下发育中水稻种子的代谢动态

Metabolic Dynamics of Developing Rice Seeds Under High Night-Time Temperature Stress.

作者信息

Dhatt Balpreet K, Abshire Nathan, Paul Puneet, Hasanthika Kalani, Sandhu Jaspreet, Zhang Qi, Obata Toshihiro, Walia Harkamal

机构信息

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.

Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.

出版信息

Front Plant Sci. 2019 Nov 8;10:1443. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01443. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

High temperature stress during rice reproductive development results in yield losses. Reduced grain yield and grain quality has been associated with high temperature stress, and specifically with high night-time temperatures (HNT). Characterizing the impact of HNT on the phenotypic and metabolic status of developing rice seeds can provide insights into the mechanisms involved in yield and quality decline. Here, we examined the impact of warmer nights on the morphology and metabolome during early seed development in six diverse rice accessions. Seed size was sensitive to HNT in four of the six genotypes, while seed fertility and seed weight were unaffected. We observed genotypic differences for negative impact of HNT on grain quality. This was evident from the chalky grain appearance due to impaired packaging of starch granules. Metabolite profiles during early seed development (3 and 4 days after fertilization; DAF) were distinct from the early grain filling stages (7 and 10 DAF) under optimal conditions. We observed that accumulation of sugars (sucrose, fructose, and glucose) peaked at 7 DAF suggesting a major flux of carbon into glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and starch biosynthesis during grain filling. Next, we determined hyper (HNT > control) and hypo (HNT < control) abundant metabolites and found 19 of the 57 metabolites to differ significantly between HNT and control treatments. The most prominent changes were exhibited by differential abundance of sugar and sugar alcohols under HNT, which could be linked to a protective mechanism against the HNT damage. Overall, our results indicate that combining metabolic profiles of developing grains with yield and quality parameters under high night temperature stress could provide insight for exploration of natural variation for HNT tolerance in the rice germplasm.

摘要

水稻生殖发育期间的高温胁迫会导致产量损失。籽粒产量和品质下降与高温胁迫有关,特别是与夜间高温(HNT)有关。表征HNT对发育中的水稻种子表型和代谢状态的影响,可以深入了解产量和品质下降所涉及的机制。在这里,我们研究了夜间变暖对六个不同水稻品种种子早期发育过程中形态和代谢组的影响。在六个基因型中的四个中,种子大小对HNT敏感,而种子育性和种子重量不受影响。我们观察到HNT对籽粒品质的负面影响存在基因型差异。这从淀粉颗粒包装受损导致的垩白粒外观中明显可见。在最佳条件下,种子早期发育(受精后3天和4天;DAF)期间的代谢物谱与籽粒灌浆早期阶段(7天和10天DAF)不同。我们观察到糖(蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖)的积累在7天DAF时达到峰值,这表明在籽粒灌浆期间碳主要流入糖酵解、三羧酸循环和淀粉生物合成。接下来,我们确定了高丰度(HNT>对照)和低丰度(HNT<对照)代谢物,发现57种代谢物中有19种在HNT和对照处理之间存在显著差异。HNT下糖和糖醇丰度的差异表现出最显著的变化,这可能与针对HNT损伤的保护机制有关。总体而言,我们的结果表明,将发育中籽粒的代谢谱与夜间高温胁迫下的产量和品质参数相结合,可以为探索水稻种质中HNT耐受性的自然变异提供见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f3fe/6857699/9483a85395fe/fpls-10-01443-g001.jpg

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