Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Bicocca center for Applied Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
J Pers. 2020 Aug;88(4):806-821. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12528. Epub 2020 Jan 3.
Assuming personality to be a system of intra-individual processes emerging over time in interaction with the environment, we propose an idiographic approach to investigate potential changes of intra-individual dynamics in the perception of situations and emotions of individuals varying in personality traits. We compared the semiparametric time-varying autoregressive model (TV-AR) that takes into account the non-stationarity of psychological processes at the individual level, with the standard AR model.
We conducted analyses of individual time series to assess intra-individual changes in mean levels and inertia on data from two adolescents who completed measures of personality and indicated their situation perceptions and emotions five times a day for 19 days.
For the less honest, emotional, extraverted, and more agreeable adolescent, the TV-AR model detected reliable changes in the intra-individual dynamics of situation perceptions and emotions whereas, for the other individual, the standard AR model was more preferred, given the lack of changes in the intra-individual dynamics.
Psychological processes dynamics in situation perception and emotions may vary from person to person depending on their personality. This work constitutes a first step in demonstrating that an idiographic approach has advantages in identifying changes in individuals' perceptions and reactions to situations.
假设人格是一个随着时间的推移在与环境相互作用中出现的个体内部过程系统,我们提出了一种特质的方法来研究个体人格特质不同的人对情境和情绪的个体内部动态的潜在变化。我们比较了半参数时变自回归模型(TV-AR),该模型考虑了个体水平上心理过程的非平稳性,与标准 AR 模型。
我们对个体时间序列进行了分析,以评估在人格特质上有差异的两名青少年的数据中,平均水平和惯性的个体内变化,这些青少年每天五次在 19 天内完成人格和情境感知以及情绪的测量。
对于不诚实、情绪化、外向和更友善的青少年,TV-AR 模型检测到情境感知和情绪的个体内部动态的可靠变化,而对于另一个个体,由于个体内部动态没有变化,标准 AR 模型更受欢迎。
情境感知和情绪中的心理过程动态可能因人而异,取决于他们的个性。这项工作是证明特质方法在识别个体对情境的感知和反应变化方面具有优势的第一步。