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超越自由选择的界限:现实世界背景下关于自由意志和决定论的民间信仰。

Overstepping the boundaries of free choice: Folk beliefs on free will and determinism in real world contexts.

机构信息

Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London E14NS, UK.

出版信息

Conscious Cogn. 2020 Jan;77:102860. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2019.102860. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Abstract

We know little about the commonality of folk beliefs around applications of psychological research on the unconscious control of behaviours. To address this, in Experiment 1 (N = 399) participants volunteered examples of where research on the unconscious has been applied to influence their behaviours. A subset of these were presented in Experiment 2 (N = 198) and Experiment 3 (N = 100). Participants rated the extent to which the behaviour being influenced in these contexts was: (1) via the unconscious, (2) free, (3) the result of prior conscious intentions, (4) under conscious control. Relative to judgements about the extent to which behaviour was influenced via the unconscious, the remaining judgements regarding conscious control of behaviours were either higher (e.g., political contexts) or lower (e.g., therapy). This study is the first to show, using ecologically valid examples, the folk beliefs people share on psychological constructs concerning free will and determinism.

摘要

我们对民间信仰在无意识控制行为的心理学研究应用方面的共性知之甚少。为了解决这个问题,在实验 1(N=399)中,参与者自愿提供了无意识研究应用于影响他们行为的例子。其中一部分在实验 2(N=198)和实验 3(N=100)中呈现。参与者评估了在这些情境中受到影响的行为在多大程度上:(1)通过无意识,(2)自由,(3)先前有意识意图的结果,(4)受意识控制。相对于关于行为通过无意识影响的程度的判断,关于行为的意识控制的其余判断要么更高(例如,政治情境),要么更低(例如,治疗)。这项研究首次使用生态有效实例展示了人们在涉及自由意志和决定论的心理结构方面的共同民间信仰。

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