Department of Pharmacy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Feb;13(2):191-200. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1713749. Epub 2020 Jan 20.
: In 2018, China implemented the latest National Essential Medicines List (NEML) by enhancing the NEML 2012. The goal of our studies is to analyze the changes in the two lists and compared them with the 20 EML issued by WHO in 2017. And then provide suggestions for emerging problems.: The overall composition of the categories, specific drugs, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the lists were compared by descriptive analysis. The neuropsychiatric disorders system medicines and patented medicines were analyzed to illustrate the changes of NEML.: In 20 WHO-EML, the largest increase was the medicines used for children (13 to the core list and 12 to the complementary list). In 2018 NEML, rounding out the top were medicines used for cardiovascular system. Among the 120 new medicines, 30 new medicines were included in 2017 WHO-EML. Eleven patented medicines were new-added in NEML; however, 8 was not included in WHO-EML.: China has a large population, and the territorial development is uneven. Although the essence of EMLs is a limited list, NEML should enlarge the choices properly. 2018 NEML provides a comprehensive coverage of diseases. Some of the medicines, including high-priced medicines that were not recommended by WHO.
2018 年，中国通过扩充 2012 年版国家基本药物目录，实施了最新的国家基本药物目录（NEML）。我们的研究旨在分析这两份清单的变化，并将其与 2017 年世界卫生组织（WHO）发布的 20 项 EML 进行比较。然后，为解决新出现的问题提供建议。
采用描述性分析比较了两份清单的类别、具体药物、特点、优势和劣势的总体构成。对神经精神障碍系统药物和专利药物进行了分析，以说明 NEML 的变化。在 2017 年 WHO-EML 中，增幅最大的是儿童用药（核心清单增加了 13 种，补充清单增加了 12 种）。在 2018 年 NEML 中，心血管系统药物排名第一。在 120 种新药中，有 30 种新药被列入 2017 年 WHO-EML。NEML 新增了 11 种专利药物，但有 8 种未被列入 WHO-EML。
中国人口众多，地域发展不平衡。虽然 EML 的本质是有限的清单，但 NEML 应该适当扩大选择范围。2018 年 NEML 全面涵盖了各种疾病。其中一些药物包括高价药物，这些药物未被世界卫生组织推荐。
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