Concurrence of multiple sclerosis, oligodendroglioma, and autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity in the same patient: A challenging diagnosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been described in several case reports to coexist with brain tumors. This unusual concurrence has been the subject of research projects with a common question of whether these pathological entities share common roots. However, no clear association has proved that either of them could provoke the other, and mere chance is the only acceptable explanation. Along all reported cases, oligodendroglioma has been rarely reported to coexist with MS. In this paper, we report a unique case with a triad of MS, oligodendroglioma, and autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and discuss possible theories that might have attributed to these three conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first case ever to have these three conditions present in one patient. The most likely explanation is believed to be that this patient was unfortunate to have three unrelated diseases.