Guadalajara Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 19;17(2):639. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020639.
The aim of this article was to explore the experiences and attitudes of people with HIV/AIDS. A systematic review of qualitative studies was carried out. Twenty-seven articles were included, with sample sizes ranging from 3 to 78. Articles from North America, South America, Central America, Europe, and Africa were included. Five topics emerged from the synthesis: feelings about the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS; stigma and HIV/AIDS; changes in sexual behavior after becoming infected; living with the virus; and pregnancy and motherhood in seropositive women. The moment of diagnosis is of vital importance for these people due to feelings such as disappointment, sadness, fear, despair, lack of awareness, and pain. Social support is highly valued among these people and is linked to an improvement in these peoples' quality of life. Different kinds of stigma accompany people with HIV/AIDS throughout their life, like social stigma, self-stigma, and health professionals' stigma. Seropositive women who decide to become mothers can feel frustration because they cannot breastfeed. Spirituality helps some people to deal with the fact of being a virus or disease carrier.
本文旨在探讨艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的经历和态度。我们进行了一项系统的定性研究综述。共纳入 27 篇文章，样本量从 3 到 78 不等。这些文章来自北美、南美、中美洲、欧洲和非洲。综合分析后得出五个主题：感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病后的诊断感受；耻辱感和艾滋病毒/艾滋病；感染后性行为的变化；携带病毒生活；以及阳性妇女的怀孕和母性。由于失望、悲伤、恐惧、绝望、缺乏认识和痛苦等感觉，诊断时刻对这些人来说至关重要。社会支持在这些人中受到高度重视，并与他们生活质量的提高有关。艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者一生都伴随着各种耻辱，如社会耻辱、自我耻辱和卫生专业人员的耻辱。决定成为母亲的阳性妇女可能会感到沮丧，因为她们不能进行母乳喂养。一些人通过灵性来应对成为病毒或疾病携带者的事实。
