Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2020 Dec;34(12):e22447. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22447. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen (APAP)-overdose is a major concern in clinical practice. In the present work, the detoxifying effect of irbesartan (Irb) on the APAP-induced acute liver injury was evaluated in mice. Induction of acute liver injury in mice was established by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of APAP (0.5 g/kg), then mice were injected with Irb (50 or 75 mg/kg, IP), each given twice at 1 and 12 hours post APAP injection. Liver functions, hepatic oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, and liver histopathology were determined after 24 hours. Hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) levels were also estimated. Immunohistochemical evaluations of hepatic expression of phosphorylated NF-kB and active caspase-3 were assigned. Irb treatment attenuated APAP-induced acute liver injury. Irb suppressed APAP-caused elevation of liver enzymes as well as oxidative and nitrosative stress in liver tissues as evidenced by the decrease in hepatic CYP2E1 expression and hepatic levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in addition to the elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione concentration. Also, Irb mitigated APAP-induced inflammation in liver tissues via decreasing the expression of hepatic NF-κB, phosphorylated NF-κB and TNF-α, and attenuated hepatic apoptosis via decreasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase 3 expression and activation. Also, Irb mitigated the APAP-induced histopathological changes in liver specimens. These data suggested that Irb ameliorates APAP-induced acute liver injury through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
醋氨酚(APAP)过量引起的肝毒性是临床实践中的一个主要关注点。在本工作中,评估了厄贝沙坦(Irb)对 APAP 诱导的急性肝损伤的解毒作用。通过单次腹腔内(IP)注射 APAP(0.5 g/kg)诱导小鼠急性肝损伤,然后用 Irb(50 或 75 mg/kg,IP)注射,每次在 APAP 注射后 1 和 12 小时各注射两次。在 24 小时后测定肝功能、肝氧化和硝化应激标志物及肝组织病理学。还测定了肝细胞色素 P450 2E1(CYP2E1)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、半胱天冬酶-3(Caspase-3)、B 细胞淋巴瘤 2(Bcl-2)和 Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白(Bax)的水平。还对肝组织中磷酸化 NF-κB 和活性 Caspase-3 的免疫组织化学表达进行了评估。Irb 治疗减轻了 APAP 诱导的急性肝损伤。Irb 抑制了 APAP 引起的肝酶升高以及肝组织中的氧化和硝化应激,表现为肝 CYP2E1 表达降低,肝组织丙二醛和一氧化氮水平降低,肝超氧化物歧化酶活性升高,还原型谷胱甘肽浓度降低。此外,Irb 通过降低肝 NF-κB、磷酸化 NF-κB 和 TNF-α的表达,减轻了肝组织中的炎症,通过降低 Bax/Bcl-2 比值和 Caspase 3 的表达和激活,减轻了肝凋亡。此外,Irb 减轻了肝组织标本中 APAP 诱导的组织病理学变化。这些数据表明,Irb 通过抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡作用改善了 APAP 诱导的急性肝损伤。
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