School of Commerce, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
Centre for Health, Informatics and Economic Research, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
Am J Health Promot. 2020 Sep;34(7):729-739. doi: 10.1177/0890117119901093. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between 9 job-related characteristics and obesity among Australian employees using a nationally representative sample. DESIGN: Longitudinal research design. SETTING: Workplace. PARTICIPANTS: This study was conducted by pooling 2 cross-sectional surveys of nationally representative longitudinal data collected across 2-time points in 2013 and 2017. This study limited the sample to current employees aged 15 to 64 years. The total number of observation included in the analysis is 16 980 of 11 521 employees. MEASURES: The outcome variable is weight status and the main exposure variables are 9 job-related characteristics (work hours per week, work schedule, job type, employment contract type, firm size, supervisory responsibility, paid sick leave, self-perceived job stress, and self-perceived job insecurity). Generalized estimating equation logistic regression was employed to explore the association between job-related characteristics and obesity. RESULTS: This study found that 59% of Australian employees were either overweight or obese. Employees working more than 40 hours per week were 1.11 times (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.21) and 1.07 times (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13) more prone to become overweight and obese, respectively, compared to their counterparts who work 31 to 40 hours per week. The study also revealed that self-perceived job insecurity was positively associated with obesity (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04). However, this study did not find evidence that work schedule, job type, employment contract, firm size, supervisory role, paid sick leave, and self-perceived job stress were associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Working more than 40 hours per week and self-perceived job insecurity were significantly associated with obesity among Australian employees. A better understanding of why prolonged work hours and self-perceived job insecurity are associated with obesity may help policy makers to implement workplace wellness policies and for employers to take measures to tackle the obesity problem of their employees.
目的：本研究旨在使用全国代表性样本，检验 9 项与工作相关的特征与澳大利亚员工肥胖之间的纵向关联。
设计：纵向研究设计。
地点：工作场所。
参与者：本研究通过汇集 2013 年和 2017 年两个时间点收集的全国代表性纵向数据的 2 项横断面调查进行。本研究将样本限定为 15 至 64 岁的在职员工。分析中包含的观察总数为 16980 名员工中的 11521 名。
测量：因变量是体重状况，主要暴露变量是 9 项与工作相关的特征（每周工作时间、工作时间表、工作类型、雇佣合同类型、公司规模、监督责任、带薪病假、自我感知工作压力和自我感知工作不安全感）。采用广义估计方程逻辑回归探讨与工作相关特征与肥胖之间的关系。
结果：本研究发现，59%的澳大利亚员工超重或肥胖。每周工作超过 40 小时的员工超重和肥胖的风险分别增加 1.11 倍（比值比[OR]：1.11，95%置信区间[CI]：1.03-1.21）和 1.07 倍（OR：1.07，95%CI：1.01-1.13），与每周工作 31 至 40 小时的员工相比。研究还表明，自我感知的工作不安全感与肥胖呈正相关（OR：1.03，95%CI：1.02-1.04）。然而，本研究没有发现工作时间表、工作类型、雇佣合同、公司规模、监督角色、带薪病假和自我感知工作压力与肥胖有关的证据。
结论：每周工作超过 40 小时和自我感知的工作不安全感与澳大利亚员工的肥胖显著相关。更好地理解为什么长时间工作和自我感知的工作不安全感与肥胖有关，可能有助于政策制定者实施工作场所健康计划，也有助于雇主采取措施解决员工的肥胖问题。
Am J Health Promot. 2014
BMC Public Health. 2011-3-14
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