Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2020 May;1865(5):158639. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158639. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a new class of endogenous lipids with anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, having the potential to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). In view of the important regulatory and therapeutic actions of FAHFAs on age-related diseases such as T2D, we hypothesized that they may also play crucial roles in the growth, development, and aging process. Here, we investigated the FAHFA footprint in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of mice across lifespan to attain potential clues for understanding the roles of FAHFAs in growth, development, and aging using chemical isotope labeling assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. VAT samples were harvested from 80 C57BL/6J male mice of nine different ages (1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months). The results showed that a total of 51 FAHFA families, including 301 regioisomers, were detected in the VAT of mice of all ages, and the number of FAHFAs (both family and regioisomer) in VAT increased with age, from 35 families (186 ± 0 regioisomers) at 1-month-old mice to 46 families (278 ± 6 regioisomers) in 18-month-old mice. Furthermore, the content of 12 FAHFA families per 100 mg of VAT of mice was highly correlated with age, and was usually low in the middle-age (3-15 months). However, because the VAT mass was 4-5 fold higher in middle-aged mice compared to younger or older mice, the total amount of most of the FAHFA regioisomers in VAT was increased in middle-aged mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the number of regioisomers from 51 FAHFA families and abundance of 15 FAHFA families are strongly dependent on age, which would be helpful for understanding the mechanisms underlying the effects of FAHFAs on growth, development, and aging.
羟基脂肪酸的脂肪酸酯 (FAHFAs) 是一类新的内源性脂质，具有抗炎和抗糖尿病作用，有可能治疗 2 型糖尿病 (T2D)。鉴于 FAHFAs 对 T2D 等与年龄相关疾病的重要调节和治疗作用，我们假设它们也可能在生长、发育和衰老过程中发挥关键作用。在这里，我们研究了 FAHFA 在整个生命周期中在小鼠内脏脂肪组织 (VAT) 中的足迹，以利用化学同位素标记辅助液相色谱-质谱法获得潜在线索，了解 FAHFAs 在生长、发育和衰老中的作用。从 9 只不同年龄（1、2、3、6、9、12、15、18 和 24 个月）的 C57BL/6J 雄性小鼠的 VAT 中采集了 VAT 样本。结果表明，在所有年龄的小鼠 VAT 中均检测到 51 种 FAHFA 家族，包括 301 个顺式异构体，并且 VAT 中的 FAHFA 数量（家族和顺式异构体）随年龄增加而增加，从 1 个月大的小鼠的 35 个家族（186±0 个顺式异构体）增加到 18 个月大的小鼠的 46 个家族（278±6 个顺式异构体）。此外，100mg 小鼠 VAT 中 12 种 FAHFA 家族的含量与年龄高度相关，在中年（3-15 个月）通常较低。然而，由于中年小鼠的 VAT 质量比年轻或年老的小鼠高 4-5 倍，因此大多数 VAT 中 FAHFA 顺式异构体的总量在中年小鼠中增加。据我们所知，这是第一项表明 51 种 FAHFA 家族的顺式异构体数量和 15 种 FAHFA 家族的丰度强烈依赖于年龄的研究，这有助于理解 FAHFAs 对生长、发育和衰老的影响的机制。
