New York Zoological Society and the Rockefeller University and Makerere University, New York.
Am J Primatol. 1982;3(1-4):1-22. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350030102.
This paper (1) describes the first observations of male replacement and infanticide in the blue monkey (Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni), (2) examines these observations in light of those hypotheses put forth to explain infanticide, and (3) presents two basic models through which additional hypotheses are developed. Five groups of blue monkeys were observed for 2,724 hr in the Kibale Forest, Uganda. The pattern of infanticide in the blue monkey was strikingly similar to that reported for other species of primates living in one-male bisexual groups. Data concerning infanticide in the blue monkey do not support the hypothesis that infanticide is a maladaptive behavioral pathology. The data indirectly support the hypothesis that infanticide is part of a flexible, adaptive reproductive strategy of new harem-males. According to Model I, two of the hypothese for explaining how infanticide may be adaptive to the perpetrator are not mutually exclusive. Model II suggests that the rate of infanticide is directly related to competition among males for females and indirectly related to tenure length of harem-males. Models I and II underscore the importance of understanding what variables determine tenure length in haremmales. It is cocluded that length of male tenure is most likely a critical determinant of inclusive fitness not only for males but also for females.
本文（1）描述了在蓝猴（Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni）中首次观察到的雄性替代和杀婴现象，（2）根据这些假设来解释杀婴现象，并（3）通过提出两个基本模型来进一步发展其他假设。在乌干达基巴莱森林中，对五组蓝猴进行了 2724 小时的观察。蓝猴的杀婴模式与其他生活在单雄多雌群体中的灵长类动物的杀婴模式惊人地相似。关于蓝猴杀婴的数据并不支持杀婴是一种适应不良的行为病理学的假设。这些数据间接支持了这样一种假设，即杀婴是新后宫雄猴灵活适应生殖策略的一部分。根据模型 I，解释杀婴如何适应施害者的两个假设并非相互排斥。模型 II 表明，杀婴率与雄性之间争夺雌性的竞争直接相关，并与后宫雄猴的占有期长度间接相关。模型 I 和 II 强调了理解哪些变量决定后宫雄猴占有期长度的重要性。结论是，雄性的占有期长度很可能是决定包括雄性和雌性在内的适合度的关键决定因素。
