Arena Miriam E, Pastur Guillermo Martínez, Lencinas María Vanessa, Soler Rosina, Bustamante Gimena
Universidad de Morón, CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Machado 914 Lab. 501, Morón (B1708EOH), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales, Houssay 200, Ushuaia (9410), Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.
Heliyon. 2020 Jan 22;6(1):e03264. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03264. eCollection 2020 Jan.
G. Forst. commonly named calafate, is a Patagonian shrub that grows in humid areas of the steppe, coastal thickets, edges and gaps of forests or along streams and rivers, with small purple berries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in leaf nutrient (carbon, nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and pigment contents (chlorophyll and , chlorophyll : ratio and carotenoids) of plants growing under different irradiances (low = 24%, medium = 57%, and high = 100% of the natural irradiance) and fertilization levels (0 = 0.00 g, 1 = 3.36 g, and 2 = 6.72 g per plant) during two growing seasons (2008-2009, 2009-2010). Also, we explored the relationships of these variables with anthocyanin, as well as with total phenol fruit contents. The fertilization has been highlighted, particularly in the content of foliar nutrients, where nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were highest with fertilization level 2 (2.0%, 0.1%, and 0.6%, respectively), while carbon:nitrogen ratio (37.5) was maximum on fertilization level 0. Irradiance has greatly affected the content of foliar pigments. Thus, chlorophyll , , and carotenoids were highest under low irradiance (0.4, 0.1 and 0.2 mmol/m, respectively), while chlorophyll : ratio was maximum under medium and high irradiance conditions (3.1). In addition, the quantity of fruit secondary metabolite (anthocyanin and phenol) could be estimated using carbon and potassium leaf contents and chlorophyll and contents. On the other hand, the annual climatic variability between 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 mainly affected the variables on nutrient and pigment contents, likely evidencing the influence of two distinct climate periods, El Niño/La Niña phenomena, respectively. The changes observed in the leaf nutrient and pigment contents of could be related to the acclimation capacity of shrubs to changes in environmental conditions via arrangements in leaf composition.
G. Forst.，通常被称为查拉法特，是一种巴塔哥尼亚灌木，生长在草原的湿润地区、沿海灌木丛、森林边缘和间隙或溪流和河流沿岸，结有小的紫色浆果。本研究的目的是评估在两个生长季节（2008 - 2009年、2009 - 2010年）中，生长在不同光照强度（低 = 自然光照强度的24%，中 = 57%，高 = 100%）和施肥水平（0 = 0.00克，1 = 3.36克，2 = 6.72克/株）下的植物叶片养分（碳、氮、碳氮比、磷和钾）和色素含量（叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a:b比值和类胡萝卜素）的变化。此外，我们还探究了这些变量与花青素以及果实总酚含量之间的关系。施肥的影响较为显著，尤其是在叶片养分含量方面，施肥水平2时氮、磷和钾含量最高（分别为2.0%、0.1%和0.6%），而碳氮比（37.5）在施肥水平0时最高。光照强度对叶片色素含量有很大影响。因此，叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素在低光照强度下最高（分别为0.4、0.1和0.2 mmol/m），而叶绿素a:b比值在中等和高光照强度条件下最高（3.1）。此外，果实次生代谢物（花青素和酚）的含量可以通过叶片碳和钾含量以及叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量来估算。另一方面，2008 - 2009年和2009 - 2010年之间的年度气候变异性主要影响了养分和色素含量变量，这可能分别证明了两个不同气候时期，即厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜现象的影响。在G. Forst.叶片养分和色素含量中观察到的变化可能与该灌木通过叶片组成的调整来适应环境条件变化的能力有关。
