Department of Agro-Food Technology, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela , Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche , Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 , 03312 Orihuela , Alicante , Spain.
Centro IFAPA "Las Torres" , Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria , Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla, km 12.2, 41200 Alcalá del Río , Sevilla , Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Feb 26;68(8):2316-2328. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06854. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
The climate change is already affecting many agricultural systems and human environments, and the implementation of adaptation strategies, especially those related to irrigated agriculture in semiarid regions, is urgent. In this regard, deep knowledge about the effects that irrigation has on the food quality parameters will allow us to estimate the potential benefits of deficit irrigation (DI) strategies. This work presents the effects on the quality parameters of three almond cultivars (Marta, Guara, and Lauranne) subjected to three irrigation doses: (i) full-irrigated treatment (F) at 100% crop evapotranspiration (ET), (ii) an overirrigated treatment at 150% ET (150% ET), and (iii) regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) treatment, in which irrigation was done as in F, expect during the kernel-filling period when this treatment received 65% ET. According to experimental findings, the cultivar most sensitive to water stress was Marta, having the most significant improvements for RDI. In general, the effects of the irrigation dose on the morphological and physicochemical parameters were not huge but some improvements were observed in key parameters such as the color and contents of specific sugars, organic acids, and unsaturated fatty acids. Thus, it can be concluded that the irrigation dose did not drastically affect the fruit almond quality, although it is possible to improve several key parameters when a moderate RDI strategy is applied.
气候变化已经影响到许多农业系统和人类环境，实施适应策略，特别是在半干旱地区与灌溉农业相关的适应策略，迫在眉睫。在这方面，深入了解灌溉对食品质量参数的影响将使我们能够估计亏缺灌溉（DI）策略的潜在好处。本工作研究了三种巴旦木品种（Marta、Guara 和 Lauranne）在三种灌溉剂量下对质量参数的影响：（i）充分灌溉处理（F），即作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET）的 100%；（ii）150%ET 的过度灌溉处理（150% ET）；（iii）调控亏缺灌溉处理（RDI），在该处理中，除了核填充期（该处理仅接收 65%ET），灌溉方式与 F 处理相同。根据实验结果，对水胁迫最敏感的品种是 Marta，对 RDI 的改善最显著。一般来说，灌溉剂量对形态和物理化学参数的影响不大，但在颜色和特定糖、有机酸和不饱和脂肪酸的含量等关键参数方面观察到了一些改善。因此，可以得出结论，灌溉剂量虽然有可能改善几个关键参数，但不会对巴旦木果实质量产生巨大影响。
