Thiele-Nygaard Amalie E, Foss-Skiftesvik Jon, Juhler Marianne
Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2020 Apr;36(4):689-695. doi: 10.1007/s00381-020-04502-z. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Patients with sagittal craniosynostosis are at increased risk of developing raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and neurocognitive deficiencies such as reduced attention, planning, speech, behavioural and learning disabilities.
To determine if the existing literature supports a correlation between elevated ICP and negative cognitive outcome in patients with sagittal craniosynostosis. Secondly, to investigate if the risk of developing neurocognitive deficiencies can be explained by changes in brain morphology in this patient category.
Systematic literature review in PubMed.
A total of 190 publications were reviewed to determine a possible correlation between raised ICP and cognitive outcome, of which four were included in the study. No significant association was found. Forty-four publications on brain morphology in sagittal craniosynostosis were identified, of which 11 were included in the review. Clear evidence of morphologic changes in multiple areas of the brains of sagittal craniosynostosis patients was found in the literature.
The existing literature does not support an association between increased ICP and negative global cognitive outcome measures in patients with sagittal craniosynostosis. Brain morphology is altered in areas related to neurocognition and language in the same patient group. These changes might play a role in the development of neurocognitive deficiencies, though no definitive link is yet established, and further investigation is warranted.
矢状缝早闭患者发生颅内压升高（ICP）及神经认知缺陷（如注意力下降、计划能力、言语、行为和学习障碍）的风险增加。
确定现有文献是否支持矢状缝早闭患者颅内压升高与负面认知结果之间的相关性。其次，研究该类患者发生神经认知缺陷的风险是否可由脑形态学变化来解释。
在PubMed上进行系统文献综述。
共检索了190篇出版物以确定颅内压升高与认知结果之间的可能相关性，其中4篇纳入本研究。未发现显著关联。确定了44篇关于矢状缝早闭脑形态学的出版物，其中11篇纳入综述。文献中发现矢状缝早闭患者大脑多个区域存在形态学变化的明确证据。
现有文献不支持矢状缝早闭患者颅内压升高与整体负面认知结果指标之间存在关联。同一患者群体中与神经认知和语言相关区域的脑形态发生改变。这些变化可能在神经认知缺陷的发生中起作用，尽管尚未建立明确联系，仍需进一步研究。
