Jack, Joseph, Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Ethn Health. 2022 Feb;27(2):316-328. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1724269. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
African American men have higher lifetime risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa), and face more health burdens from this disease due in part to limited participation in cancer screening. Therefore, it is important to study psychosocial factors associated with screening intention in African American men. Guided by social cognitive theory, the current study aims to examine the role of self-efficacy and importance of participation reasons as predictors of PCa screening intention in African American men. This is a primary analysis using data collected from African American men in northeast Ohio and the Southeastern United States. PCa screening intention and self-efficacy were measured by single-item questions. Importance of participation reasons was measured in four domains: psychological, convenience, awareness, and medical. Hierarchical binary logistic regression was used to predict PCa screening intention in African American men. The sample size was 174. The average age was 46.52. Adding self-efficacy and reasons for participation significantly improved prediction for PCa screening intention in African American men (Δ = 55.28, < .001). The final model had = 69.63 ( < .001). Higher self-efficacy (OR = 2.56, < .05), more perceived importance of psychological reasons (OR = 2.42, < .001) and medical reasons (OR = 1.10, < .05) were significant predictors. Also, the perceived chance of developing PCa predicted higher odds of PCa screening intention. Enhancing self-efficacy might be an important intervention focus for African American men to improve PCa screening intention. In addition, the findings suggest that African American men intend to have PCa screening because they experience worries or physical symptoms, and unlikely because it is convenient to get screening or recommended by family members and friends. Thus, intervention efforts could focus on enhancing PCa knowledge and informed decision-making about PCa screening among African American men.
非裔美国男性一生中患前列腺癌 (PCa) 的风险较高，由于参与癌症筛查的人数有限，他们在一定程度上面临着更多的健康负担。因此，研究与非裔美国男性筛查意愿相关的心理社会因素非常重要。本研究以社会认知理论为指导，旨在探讨自我效能感和参与原因的重要性作为非裔美国男性 PCa 筛查意愿的预测因素。这是对来自俄亥俄州东北部和美国东南部的非裔美国男性进行数据收集的主要分析。PCa 筛查意愿和自我效能感通过单项问题进行衡量。参与原因的重要性在四个领域进行衡量：心理、方便、意识和医疗。使用分层二项逻辑回归预测非裔美国男性的 PCa 筛查意愿。样本量为 174。平均年龄为 46.52。加入自我效能感和参与原因后，非裔美国男性的 PCa 筛查意愿预测显著提高（Δ=55.28，<0.001）。最终模型的=69.63（<0.001）。较高的自我效能感（OR=2.56，<0.05）、更强烈的心理原因（OR=2.42，<0.001）和医疗原因（OR=1.10，<0.05）感知重要性是非裔美国男性的显著预测因素。此外，对患 PCa 的可能性的感知也预测了更高的 PCa 筛查意愿几率。增强自我效能感可能是非裔美国男性提高 PCa 筛查意愿的重要干预重点。此外，研究结果表明，非裔美国男性希望进行 PCa 筛查，是因为他们经历了担忧或身体症状，而不太可能是因为方便获得筛查或得到家人和朋友的推荐。因此，干预措施可以集中在增强非裔美国男性对 PCa 的了解和对 PCa 筛查的知情决策上。
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