Educational Science Department, University of Burgos (Spain), C/Villadiego 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
Health Science Department, University of Burgos (Spain), P Comendadores s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 13;17(4):1206. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041206.
The analysis of mental and psychological health is a relevant public issue in modern societies. Migration is a process that may have a lasting impact on a person's mental well-being. In this study, perceived health, emotional intelligence, sociocultural adjustment and the participants' perceived general situation, not only economical, were analyzed to attest their impact on psychological distress as a measure of mental well-being. Sixty-three migrants from Romania and Ecuador were contacted twice during a 14 month period in a middle-sized Spanish city. Attrition analyses show no significant differences in perceived psychological distress between those who participated only one time or who participated in both waves. Less psychological distress is related to less attention to one's feelings and higher mood repair in both data waves. Stronger behavioral adjustment is also linked to less distress. Less distress in time 1 led to better perceived health, sociocultural adjustment and a perception of a better general situation in Spain in comparison to their home country in time 2. In general, more attention to negative feelings triggered more perceived psychological distress, whereas mood repair elicited less psychological distress, in time 2. The relevance of understanding the impact of emotional intelligence to health promotion programs with migrants is discussed.
心理健康分析是现代社会的一个相关公共议题。移民是一个可能对一个人的心理健康产生持久影响的过程。在这项研究中，我们分析了感知健康、情绪智力、社会文化调整以及参与者对一般情况（不仅是经济情况）的感知，以证明它们对心理困扰（作为衡量心理健康的指标）的影响。在西班牙一个中等城市，我们联系了来自罗马尼亚和厄瓜多尔的 63 名移民，在 14 个月的时间里进行了两次调查。流失分析显示，仅参加一次或两次调查的参与者之间在感知心理困扰方面没有显著差异。在两次数据采集时，较少关注自身感受和更高的情绪修复能力与较少的困扰有关。更强的行为调整也与较少的困扰有关。与在本国相比，参与者在时间 1 时的困扰较少，感知健康、社会文化适应和对西班牙一般情况的感知更好。总的来说，在时间 2 时，更多地关注消极情绪会引发更多的感知心理困扰，而情绪修复则会减少心理困扰。讨论了理解情绪智力对移民健康促进计划的重要性。
