Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 May;27(13):15233-15244. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07952-9. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
Ammonia oxidation is mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Allylthiourea (ATU) has been found to specifically inhibit ammonia oxidation. However, the effect of ATU on AOA and AOB transcription has been infrequently studied. In the present study, we examined the responses of AOA and AOB activity and DNA/cDNA community structure to ATU exposure. The ammonia oxidation activity in the 100-mg/L ATU group was 4.3% of that in the control group after 7 days. When exposed to ATU, the gene abundance of AOA was favored compared with that of AOB, and there were no statistically significant differences in the abundance of AOB amoA in DNA and cDNA between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the gene abundance of AOA significantly increased by 5.23 times, while the transcription of AOA significantly decreased by 0.70 times. Moreover, the transcriptional ratio of AOA in the ATU group was only 0.05 times as high as that in the control group. ATU selectively affected AOB and completely inhibited Nitrosomonas europaea and Bacterium amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur at the genetic level. Under ATU exposure, all AOA clusters were transcribed, but three AOB clusters were not transcribed. Our results indicated that the ammonia oxidation potential of the soil of water level fluctuation areas, based on ATU inhibition, was associated mainly with AOA amoA gene abundance and AOB community shifts in DNA and cDNA.
氨氧化主要由氨氧化古菌（AOA）和氨氧化细菌（AOB）完成。烯丙基硫脲（ATU）已被发现可特异性抑制氨氧化。然而，ATU 对 AOA 和 AOB 转录的影响研究较少。本研究考察了 ATU 暴露对 AOA 和 AOB 活性及 DNA/cDNA 群落结构的响应。在 100mg/L ATU 组中，氨氧化活性在第 7 天时仅为对照组的 4.3%。暴露于 ATU 时，AOA 的基因丰度较 AOB 更占优势，且两组 DNA 和 cDNA 中 AOB amoA 的丰度无统计学差异。与对照组相比，AOA 的基因丰度显著增加了 5.23 倍，而 AOA 的转录显著减少了 0.70 倍。此外，ATU 组 AOA 的转录比率仅为对照组的 0.05 倍。ATU 选择性地影响 AOB，并在遗传水平上完全抑制了硝化单胞菌和细菌 amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur。在 ATU 暴露下，所有的 AOA 类群都被转录，但有 3 个 AOB 类群未被转录。我们的结果表明，基于 ATU 抑制，水位波动区土壤的氨氧化潜力主要与 AOA amoA 基因丰度和 DNA 和 cDNA 中 AOB 群落变化有关。
