Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2020 Sep;16(5):596-607. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4253. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of potentially toxic elements in Brachiaria decumbens, Stylosanthes guianensis, and Saccharum officinarum plants and soil samples in affected and unaffected areas by rupture of the Fundão dam, Brazil. Samples were collected in areas affected by residues from the Fundão dam (RAA1, RAA2, RAA3) and in an unaffected area (control). The material was analyzed for the composition of micronutrients and trace elements in soil and plants, as well as contamination factor (CF), accumulation factor, and translocation factor (TF). Overall, the results showed that soil and plant tissues had increased Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr content and decreased Zn content in the affected areas, compared to the control. Leaves and roots of B. decumbens showed an increase in Fe content in affected areas, compared to the control, reaching a mean maximum value of 42 958 µg/g of roots of RAA2-collected plants. As a result, CF for Fe of B. decumbens was classified as very high and they presented low TF values. Furthermore, B. decumbens collected in affected areas showed an increase of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr in leaves, stems, and roots, whereas in Stylosanthes guianensis, there was an increase of Fe concentration in all tissues and Cr in leaves. Also, Saccharum officinarum showed the accumulation of Mn in the stem and Cu in leaves and stem. On the other hand, there was no contamination of plants by hazardous elements such as Pb, Cd, and As in the samples analyzed. In conclusion, increases in the content of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr were found in soil and several plant tissues of residue-affected areas, which could compromise plant growth and represent potential hazards arising from the biomagnification process in the food chain. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:596-607. © 2020 SETAC.
本研究旨在评估巴西 Fundão 大坝溃坝影响区和未受影响区的 Brachiaria decumbens、Stylosanthes guianensis 和 Saccharum officinarum 植物和土壤样本中潜在有毒元素的浓度。在受 Fundão 大坝溃坝影响的地区（RAA1、RAA2、RAA3）和未受影响的地区（对照）采集了样本。对土壤和植物中的微量元素和痕量元素组成以及污染因子（CF）、积累因子和迁移因子（TF）进行了分析。总的来说，与对照相比，受影响地区的土壤和植物组织中的 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Cr 含量增加，Zn 含量减少。与对照相比，B. decumbens 的叶片和根在受影响地区的 Fe 含量增加，在 RAA2 采集的植物根部达到了 42958μg/g 的平均最大值。因此，B. decumbens 的 Fe 的 CF 被归类为非常高，并且它们的 TF 值较低。此外，受影响地区采集的 B. decumbens 叶片、茎和根中的 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Cr 含量增加，而 Stylosanthes guianensis 中的所有组织中的 Fe 浓度和叶片中的 Cr 浓度增加。此外，Saccharum officinarum 的茎中 Mn 和叶片和茎中的 Cu 积累。另一方面，在所分析的样本中，没有发现植物受到 Pb、Cd 和 As 等有害元素的污染。总之，受残片影响的地区的土壤和几种植物组织中的 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Cr 含量增加，这可能会影响植物的生长，并构成食物链中生物放大过程带来的潜在危害。综合环境评估与管理 2020；16:596-607。2020 年 SETAC 版权所有。
