筛查青少年和成年人丙型肝炎病毒感染：美国预防服务工作组建议声明。
Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
机构信息
Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
Stanford University, Stanford, California.
出版信息
JAMA. 2020 Mar 10;323(10):970-975. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1123.
IMPORTANCE
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common chronic blood-borne pathogen in the US and a leading cause of complications from chronic liver disease. HCV is associated with more deaths than the top 60 other reportable infectious diseases combined, including HIV. Cases of acute HCV infection have increased approximately 3.8-fold over the last decade because of increasing injection drug use and improved surveillance.
OBJECTIVE
To update its 2013 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for HCV infection in adolescents and adults.
POPULATION
This recommendation applies to all asymptomatic adults aged 18 to 79 years without known liver disease.
EVIDENCE ASSESSMENT
The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for HCV infection in adults aged 18 to 79 years has substantial net benefit.
RECOMMENDATION
The USPSTF recommends screening for HCV infection in adults aged 18 to 79 years. (B recommendation).
重要性
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是美国最常见的慢性血源性病原体，也是导致慢性肝病并发症的主要原因。HCV 导致的死亡人数超过包括 HIV 在内的前 60 种其他传染病报告的死亡人数总和。由于注射毒品使用的增加和监测的改善，过去十年中急性 HCV 感染的病例增加了约 3.8 倍。
目的
为了更新其 2013 年的建议，USPSTF 委托对青少年和成年人 HCV 感染筛查的证据进行了审查。
人群
本建议适用于所有无已知肝病且年龄在 18 至 79 岁的无症状成年人。
证据评估
USPSTF 有中等确定性地得出结论，在 18 至 79 岁的成年人中筛查 HCV 感染具有实质性的净收益。
建议
USPSTF 建议在 18 至 79 岁的成年人中筛查 HCV 感染。（B 级推荐）。
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