社会经济地位与临床和人口统计学状况与早产发生率的关联。
Association of socioeconomic status and clinical and demographic conditions with the prevalence of preterm birth.
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
出版信息
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020 Jun;149(3):359-369. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13143. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of socioeconomic and demographic conditions on the prevalence of preterm birth in a local community.
METHODS
Pregnant women (aged ≥16 years) willing to provide informed consent in one of the two languages of the community were recruited in South Africa between August 2007 and January 2015. Specifically designed case report forms collected information and measurements prospectively.
RESULTS
After reviewing the medical records of 5806 women, it was possible to identify those who had spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), induced preterm birth (IPTB), or spontaneous term birth (STB). Women with IPTB (vs SPTB) were more obese and had higher education levels and household incomes; more had telephones and running water at home. They enrolled earlier and more developed hypertension and pre-eclampsia. Women with SPTB (vs STB) were less obese, shorter, had smaller arm circumferences and higher gravidities and Edinburgh Depression Scores, lower education, fewer telephones, and less running water at home. More women with SPTB used methamphetamine, cigarettes, and were heavier smokers.
CONCLUSION
SPTB and IPTB should not be conflated. Programs to reduce the high prevalence of SPTB should include improving education, lifestyle, and socioeconomic conditions. Addressing hypertension should help reduce preterm inductions.
目的
探讨社会经济和人口状况对当地社区早产发生率的影响。
方法
2007 年 8 月至 2015 年 1 月期间，在南非招募了愿意用社区的两种语言之一提供知情同意的孕妇（年龄≥16 岁）。专门设计的病例报告表前瞻性地收集信息和测量数据。
结果
在回顾了 5806 名妇女的病历后，确定了那些患有自发性早产（SPTB）、诱导性早产（IPTB）或自发性足月产（STB）的妇女。与 SPTB（vs IPTB）相比，IPTB 妇女更肥胖，教育程度和家庭收入更高；更多人家里有电话和自来水。她们更早登记，并更易发展为高血压和先兆子痫。与 STB（vs SPTB）相比，SPTB 妇女体重较轻、身材较矮、臂围较小、怀孕次数和 Edinburgh 抑郁评分较高、教育程度较低、家里电话和自来水较少。更多的 SPTB 妇女使用冰毒、吸烟且烟瘾更大。
结论
不应将 SPTB 和 IPTB 混淆。减少 SPTB 高发生率的计划应包括改善教育、生活方式和社会经济状况。解决高血压问题应有助于减少早产诱导。
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