Rutledge Paula M, Montgomery Arlene J, Lott Shevellanie M, McGee Zina M, Burns Dorothy M
Delaware State University-Department of Nursing, 1200 N. DuPont Hwy. Price Building Suite 119C, Dover, DE 19901
Hampton University, Hampton, VA.
J Natl Black Nurses Assoc. 2019 Dec;30(2):1-9.
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease process that disproportionately affects minorities, mainly those of African-American descent (CDC, 2017). Decreasing the long-term complications associated with this disease requires substantial vigilance, lifestyle changes, medication adherence, and motivation on the part of the individual. The purpose of this descriptive correlational study, guided by Orem's (1991) Conceptual Framework Theory of Self-Care, was to explore the relationship between family support, self-care, and health outcomes in African-American females between the ages of 40-80 years with type 2 diabetes. Specifically, the investigator set out to determine: (a) the relationship between family support and health outcomes in selected African-American females with type 2 diabetes; (b) the relationship between self-care and health outcomes in selected African-American females with type 2 diabetes; and (c) which of the two variables assessed in this study (family support and self-care) best predict health outcomes. A convenience sample of African-American females between the ages of 40-80 years were recruited through Qualtrics survey software. The investigator used the Diabetes Care Profile questionnaires to extract indicators for family support and self-care. Data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression model: analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a linear regression model. The investigator hypothesized that health outcomes in African-American females with type 2 diabetes are a function of family support and self-care activities, and when family support and self-care are adjusted, they will positively affect health outcomes. The study findings show that self-care abilities are the better indicator of health outcomes, but that family support does contribute positively to health outcomes.
2型糖尿病是一种慢性疾病过程，对少数族裔的影响尤为严重，主要是非洲裔美国人（疾病控制与预防中心，2017年）。减少与该疾病相关的长期并发症需要个人具备高度的警觉性、改变生活方式、坚持用药以及保持积极性。本描述性相关性研究以奥瑞姆（1991年）的自我护理概念框架理论为指导，旨在探讨40至80岁患有2型糖尿病的非洲裔美国女性中家庭支持、自我护理与健康结果之间的关系。具体而言，研究者着手确定：（a）选定的患有2型糖尿病的非洲裔美国女性中家庭支持与健康结果之间的关系；（b）选定的患有2型糖尿病的非洲裔美国女性中自我护理与健康结果之间的关系；以及（c）本研究评估的两个变量（家庭支持和自我护理）中哪一个最能预测健康结果。通过Qualtrics调查软件招募了40至80岁的非洲裔美国女性便利样本。研究者使用糖尿病护理概况问卷来提取家庭支持和自我护理的指标。数据使用分层回归模型、方差分析（ANOVA）和线性回归模型进行分析。研究者假设，患有2型糖尿病的非洲裔美国女性的健康结果是家庭支持和自我护理活动的函数，并且当家庭支持和自我护理得到调整时，它们将对健康结果产生积极影响。研究结果表明，自我护理能力是健康结果的更好指标，但家庭支持确实对健康结果有积极贡献。
