Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 15;17(6):1914. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061914.
Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, which exhibits higher toxicity than their corresponding parent PAHs (PAHs). Recent studies demonstrated that the PAHs could represent major soil pollution, however the remediation of PAHs has been rarely reported. In this study, biological, physical, and chemical methods have been applied to remove 1-nitropyrene, the model PAH, in contaminated soil. A comparative study with pyrene has also been investigated and evaluated. The results suggest that the physical method with activated carbon is an efficient and economical approach, removing 88.1% and 78.0% of 1-nitropyrene and pyrene respectively, within one day. The zero-valent ion has a similar removal performance on 1-nitropyrene (83.1%), converting 1-nitropyrene to 1-aminopyrene in soil via chemical reduction and decreasing the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of 1-nitropyrene. Biological remediation that employs scallion as a plant model can reduce 55.0% of 1-nitropyrene in soil (from 39.6 to 17.8 μg/kg), while 77.9% of pyrene can be removed by plant. This indicates that PAHs might be more persistent than corresponding PAHs in soil. It is anticipated that this study could draw public awareness of nitro-derivatives of PAHs and provide remediation technologies of carcinogenic PAHs in soil.
硝多环芳烃（PAHs）是普遍存在的环境污染物，其毒性比相应的母体多环芳烃（PAHs）更高。最近的研究表明，PAHs 可能是主要的土壤污染物，但对 PAHs 的修复却很少有报道。在这项研究中，应用了生物、物理和化学方法来去除污染土壤中的 1-硝基芘，这是一种多环芳烃模型化合物。还对芘进行了对比研究和评价。结果表明，活性炭的物理方法是一种高效、经济的方法，在一天内分别去除了 88.1%和 78.0%的 1-硝基芘和芘。零价离子对 1-硝基芘具有相似的去除性能（83.1%），通过化学还原将 1-硝基芘转化为土壤中的 1-氨基芘，降低了 1-硝基芘的致突变性和致癌性。以葱为植物模型的生物修复可以将土壤中 55.0%的 1-硝基芘（从 39.6 降至 17.8μg/kg），而 77.9%的芘则可以被植物去除。这表明 PAHs 可能比土壤中的相应 PAHs 更持久。预计这项研究将引起公众对 PAHs 硝基衍生物的关注，并为土壤中致癌性 PAHs 的修复提供技术。
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