Preoperative chronic kidney disease predicts poor prognosis in patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the impact of preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the prognosis of patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We retrospectively evaluated 434 patients with primary NMIBC who underwent TURBT from November 1993 to April 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m (non-CKD group) and <60 ml/min/1.73 m (CKD group). Background-adjusted multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of preoperative CKD on oncological outcomes, including intravesical recurrence-free survival, muscle-invasive bladder cancer-free survival, upper urinary tract (UUT) recurrence-free survival, metastasis-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival. We evaluated predictive accuracy of CKD on prognosis using the receiver operating characteristic curve and compared between risk factors in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer scoring system and CKD plus those risk factors.

RESULTS

The median age and median follow-up period were 72 years and 51 months, respectively. Of 434 patients, 141 (32%) were diagnosed with CKD before TURBT. In background-adjusted multivariate analyses, CKD was an independent risk factor for those oncological outcomes, except for UUT recurrence. The predictive accuracy of CKD plus risk factors in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer scoring system on oncological outcomes was significantly improved compared with those risk factors alone, except for UUT recurrence.

CONCLUSION

Preoperative CKD was a risk factor and might improve predictive accuracy on poor prognosis in patients with primary NMIBC who underwent TURBT.