Robbins K R, Chin S F, McGhee G C, Roberson K D
Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071.
Poult Sci. 1988 Jul;67(7):1001-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.0671001.
A 64-wk experiment was conducted in which the effects of ad libitum vs. restricted feeding were studied during the pullet-layer transition and laying periods. Broiler breeder females were reared through 23 wk of age according to the breeder's recommendation. At 24 wk of age the following four treatments were imposed: T1, fed restricted amounts of feed according to the breeder's management guide; T2, feed restricted from 24 to 32 wk of age (as in T1), then fed ad libitum; T3, fed ad libitum from 24 to 64 wk of age; and T4, fed ad libitum from 24 to 32 wk of age, then restricted to 85% of the average 24 to 32-wk consumption. Birds fed ad libitum during the pullet-layer transition period (T3 + T4) consumed an average of 37 g more feed per day and reached sexual maturity 14 days earlier than restricted birds (T1 + T2). Live body weight, carcass weight, carcass weight corrected to zero fat content, and percentage carcass fat were all significantly higher at first egg in ad libitum vs. restricted birds, but these differences were small. Birds fed ad libitum during lay (T2 + T3) produced more eggs, achieved a higher peak percentage hen-day production, consumed more feed, and contained more body fat at last egg than hens restricted during lay (T1 + T4). However, neither mortality, feed efficiency, egg weight, egg fertility, nor egg specific gravity was affected by treatment.
进行了一项为期64周的试验，研究在小母鸡向产蛋鸡过渡阶段及产蛋期自由采食与限饲的效果。肉种鸡母鸡按照育种者的建议饲养至23周龄。在24周龄时进行以下四种处理：T1，按照育种者的管理指南限饲；T2，在24至32周龄限饲（与T1相同），然后自由采食；T3，在24至64周龄自由采食；T4，在24至32周龄自由采食，然后限制采食量为24至32周平均采食量的85%。在小母鸡向产蛋鸡过渡阶段自由采食的鸡（T3 + T4）比限饲的鸡（T1 + T2）平均每天多消耗37克饲料，性成熟提前14天。自由采食的鸡在初产时的活体体重、胴体重量、校正为零脂肪含量的胴体重量以及胴体脂肪百分比均显著高于限饲的鸡，但这些差异较小。产蛋期自由采食的鸡（T2 + T3）比产蛋期限饲的鸡（T1 + T4）产蛋更多，产蛋高峰母鸡日产蛋率更高，消耗饲料更多，最后一次产蛋时体脂更多。然而，处理对死亡率、饲料效率、蛋重、蛋受精率和蛋比重均无影响。
