Okayasu Juriya
Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Tarumi 3-5-7, Matsuyama, 790-8566 Japan.
Zootaxa. 2020 Jan 20;4723(1):zootaxa.4723.1.1. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4723.1.1.
Japanese species and genera of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920 are revised. Most of the relevant types were examined. The following eight species in the genera Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870, Nemka Lelej, 1985, Mickelomyrme Lelej, 1995, Andreimyrme Lelej, 1995, Ephucilla Lelej, 1995 and Sinotilla Lelej, 1995 are recognized from Japan: Sm. lewisi Mickel, 1935, ♂♀; N. yasumatsui (Mickel, 1936), stat. rev. et comb. nov., ♂♀; M. hageni (Zavattari, 1913), ♂♀; A. substriolata (Chen, 1957), ♀ (Amami-ôshima Is., Okinawa-jima Is.); E. yoshitakei sp. nov., ♂♀ (Amami-ôshima Is.), E. suginoi sp. nov., ♂♀ (Okinawa-jima Is.), E. brevitegula sp. nov., ♂♀ (Ishigaki-jima Is., Iriomote-jima Is.); Si. jambar sp. nov., ♂ (Okinawa-jima Is.). The genera Andreimyrme and Sinotilla are newly recorded from Japan. Nemka wotani (Zavattari, 1913) and Ephucilla naja (Zavattari, 1913) are excluded from the Japanese fauna. New synonymies are proposed for N. wotani (Zavattari, 1913) [=Smicromyrme chihpenchia Tsuneki, 1993, syn. nov.], N. limi limi (Chen, 1957) [=Smicromyrme limi nanhai Chen, 1957, syn. nov.], A. substriolata [=Smicromyrme tridentiens Chen, 1957, syn. nov.] and Neotrogaspidia pustulata (Smith, 1873) [=Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu, 1934, syn. nov.]. Phimenes flavopictus formosanus (Zimmermann, 1931) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) is recorded as a host of Ephucilla brevitegula. Other new records include: Mickelomyrme athalia (Pagden, 1934) from China (Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan) and Vietnam (Hoa Binh), M. bakeri (Mickel, 1934) from Malaysia (Borneo) and Indonesia (Sulawesi), M. pusillaeformis (Hammer, 1962) from Indonesia (Bali), Andreimyrme sarawakensis Lelej, 1996 from Peninsular Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) and A. substriolata from Laos (Xiengkhouang, Houapanh), Thailand (Chiang Mai), Peninsular Malaysia (Kuala Terengganu) and Indonesia (Sumatra). Distributions of Japanese smicromyrmine species are classified into the following three patterns: Asian continental-Palaearctic Japan (Sm. lewisi and N. yasumatsui), Taiwan-Ryûkyû (M. hageni, E. yoshitakei, E. suginoi, E. brevitegula, Si. jambar) and Asian continental-Ryûkyû (A. substriolata). Species of Asian continental-Palaearctic Japan are widely distributed in Palaearctic part of Japan and eastern part of Eurasia, or have the closest relative in continental Asia. They are considered to be native to Japan since it was a part of Eurasia, or have immigrated to Japan through the land bridge between Korean Peninsula and Japan by the end of the Upper Pleistocene. The Taiwan-Ryûkyû species are immigrants from Taiwan through the land bridge. The Asian continental-Ryûkyû species is presumed to have immigrated to Japan during the Upper Pleistocene when the eastern edge of Eurasian Continent was close to Amami-ôshima Is.
对1920年比肖夫的小蚁族（Smicromyrmini）的日本物种和属进行了修订。检查了大多数相关模式标本。在以下属中识别出了来自日本的8个物种：1870年的小蚁属（Smicromyrme Thomson）、1985年的内姆卡属（Nemka Lelej）、1995年的米氏蚁属（Mickelomyrme Lelej）、1995年的安德烈蚁属（Andreimyrme Lelej）、1995年的埃夫库拉蚁属（Ephucilla Lelej）和1995年的中华小蚁属（Sinotilla Lelej）：刘易斯小蚁（Sm. lewisi Mickel，1935），♂♀；安松内姆卡蚁（N. yasumatsui (Mickel, 1936)，新地位修订及新组合，♂♀；哈根米氏蚁（M. hageni (Zavattari, 1913)），♂♀；亚细条纹安德烈蚁（A. substriolata (Chen, 1957)），♀（奄美大岛、冲绳岛）；吉武埃夫库拉蚁（E. yoshitakei新种，♂♀（奄美大岛），杉野埃夫库拉蚁（E. suginoi新种，♂♀（冲绳岛），短鞘埃夫库拉蚁（E. brevitegula新种，♂♀（石垣岛、西表岛）；詹巴尔中华小蚁（Si. jambar新种，♂（冲绳岛）。安德烈蚁属和中华小蚁属为日本新记录属。和谷内姆卡蚁（Nemka wotani (Zavattari, 1913)）和纳贾埃夫库拉蚁（Ephucilla naja (Zavattari, 1913)）被排除在日本动物区系之外。为和谷内姆卡蚁（Nemka wotani (Zavattari, 1913)）[=知本小蚁（Smicromyrme chihpenchia Tsuneki，1993，新异名）]、里氏内姆卡蚁指名亚种（N. limi limi (Chen, 1957)）[=南海里氏小蚁（Smicromyrme limi nanhai Chen，1957，新异名）]、亚细条纹安德烈蚁[=三叉小蚁（Smicromyrme tridentiens Chen，1957，新异名）]和脓疱新热带猛蚁（Neotrogaspidia pustulata (Smith, 1873)）[=屋久岛小蚁（Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu，1934，新异名）]提出了新异名。台湾黄纹蜾蠃（Phimenes flavopictus formosanus (Zimmermann, 1931)（膜翅目：胡蜂科：蜾蠃亚科）被记录为短鞘埃夫库拉蚁的寄主。其他新记录包括：来自中国（广东、福建、云南）和越南（和平）的阿萨利亚米氏蚁（Mickelomyrme athalia (Pagden, 1934)）、来自马来西亚（婆罗洲）和印度尼西亚（苏拉威西）的贝氏米氏蚁（M. bakeri (Mickel, 1934)）、来自印度尼西亚（巴厘岛）的小形米氏蚁（M. pusillaeformis (Hammer, 1962)）、来自马来西亚半岛（吉隆坡）的砂拉越安德烈蚁（Andreimyrme sarawakensis Lelej，1996）以及来自老挝（川圹、华潘）、泰国（清迈）、马来西亚半岛（瓜拉丁加奴）和印度尼西亚（苏门答腊）的亚细条纹安德烈蚁。日本小蚁族物种的分布分为以下三种模式：亚洲大陆 - 古北区日本（刘易斯小蚁和安松内姆卡蚁）、台湾 - 琉球（哈根米氏蚁、吉武埃夫库拉蚁、杉野埃夫库拉蚁、短鞘埃夫库拉蚁、詹巴尔中华小蚁）和亚洲大陆 - 琉球（亚细条纹安德烈蚁）。亚洲大陆 - 古北区日本的物种广泛分布于日本的古北区部分和欧亚大陆东部，或在亚洲大陆有最亲近的近缘种。它们被认为是日本本土物种，因为日本曾是欧亚大陆的一部分，或者在上新世末期通过朝鲜半岛与日本之间的陆桥迁移到日本。台湾 - 琉球物种是通过陆桥从台湾迁移而来的。亚洲大陆 - 琉球物种推测是在上新世期间迁移到日本的，当时欧亚大陆的东部边缘靠近奄美大岛。
