重度酒精使用障碍中的半人化现象：与基本需求及临床结果的关联
Metadehumanization in severe alcohol-use disorders: Links with fundamental needs and clinical outcomes.
作者信息
Fontesse Sullivan, Stinglhamber Florence, Demoulin Stéphanie, Chevallereau Tina, de Timary Philippe, Cappeliez Bernard, Bon Fabrice, Geus Christophe, Talent Julien, Ayache Laurence, Maurage Pierre
机构信息
Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place C. Mercier 10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Work and Organizational Psychology Lab, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place C. Mercier 10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
出版信息
Addict Behav. 2020 Aug;107:106425. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106425. Epub 2020 Mar 30.
BACKGROUND
Dehumanization, i.e., the denial of one's humanity, has important consequences for social interactions. Earlier works mainly studied the dehumanizer's perspective, neglecting victims and particularly psychiatric populations. This study's goal is thus to investigate if patients with severe alcohol-use disorders (SAUD) feel dehumanized by others and to reveal factors linked to metadehumanization.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study in 120 patients with SAUD as diagnosed by their psychiatrist using DSM-IV criteria.
RESULTS
Participants reported significant levels of metadehumanization, which were directly or indirectly linked to fundamental needs threat (γ = 0.41, p < .001), decreased positive emotions (indirect effect = -0.11, p < .05), reduced self-esteem (indirect effect = -0.16, p < .01), reduced use of functional coping strategies focused on the search of social support (γ = -0.20, p < .05), and increased use of dysfunctional coping strategies (indirect effect = 0.15, p < .01) such as excessive alcohol use (indirect effect = 0.10, p < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients feel dehumanized by others, an experience linked to important deleterious consequences for patients' wellbeing and treatment.
背景
去人性化，即对他人人性的否认，对社会互动有着重要影响。早期研究主要关注去人性化者的视角，而忽视了受害者，尤其是精神疾病患者群体。因此，本研究旨在调查患有严重酒精使用障碍（SAUD）的患者是否感到被他人去人性化，并揭示与元去人性化相关的因素。
方法
对120名经精神科医生根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准诊断为患有SAUD的患者进行横断面研究。
结果
参与者报告了较高程度的元去人性化，这与基本需求受到威胁直接或间接相关（γ = 0.41，p <.001），积极情绪减少（间接效应 = -0.11，p <.05），自尊降低（间接效应 = -0.16，p <.01），减少了侧重于寻求社会支持的功能性应对策略的使用（γ = -0.20，p <.05），以及增加了功能失调性应对策略的使用（间接效应 = 0.15，p <.01），如过度饮酒（间接效应 = 0.10，p <.05）。
结论
患者感到被他人去人性化，这种体验与对患者幸福感和治疗产生的重要有害后果相关。
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