College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Psychophysiology. 2020 Jun;57(6):e13579. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13579. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
Whereas numerous studies have investigated the relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness with inhibition and neuroelectric activity, the role of other physical fitness components and physical activity (PA) intensities in this relationship remain unclear, especially in children with obesity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of physical fitness, PA, and sedentary time with inhibitory control and neuroelectric activity in children. Eighty-four children (8-11 years) with overweight or obesity performed the ALPHA battery to assess their physical fitness components (i.e., muscular strength, speed-agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness). PA and sedentary time were assessed from hip and nondominant wrist-worn accelerometers. Inhibitory control was evaluated using a flanker task, and expressed as reaction time (RT) and response accuracy. P3 amplitude and latency were recorded using electroencephalography. Higher speed-agility and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with shorter RT and larger P3 amplitude on incongruent trials. Higher speed-agility was associated with shorter RT on congruent trials. Hip-assessed moderate and moderate-to-vigorous PA were associated with longer P3 latency across trials, and vigorous PA with larger P3 amplitude on incongruent trials. Our results provide initial evidence suggesting that not only cardiorespiratory fitness, but also speed-agility, are associated with inhibitory control and P3 amplitude, whereas no significant associations were observed for muscular strength. The associations between PA (moderate, vigorous and moderate to-vigorous) and neuroelectric activity were accelerometer location-dependent. Promoting PA programs that enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness and speed-agility will contribute to better understanding whether such health improvements benefit inhibitory control in youth with overweight or obesity.
虽然许多研究已经调查了心肺健康与抑制和神经电活动的关系，但其他身体素质成分和身体活动（PA）强度在这种关系中的作用仍不清楚，尤其是在肥胖儿童中。因此，本研究的目的是调查身体活动、身体活动和久坐时间与肥胖儿童抑制控制和神经电活动的关系。84 名超重或肥胖的儿童（8-11 岁）进行了 ALPHA 电池测试，以评估他们的身体素质成分（即肌肉力量、速度敏捷性和心肺健康）。通过臀部和非优势手腕佩戴的加速度计评估 PA 和久坐时间。使用侧抑制任务评估抑制控制，并表示为反应时间（RT）和反应准确性。使用脑电图记录 P3 振幅和潜伏期。更高的速度敏捷性和心肺健康与不一致任务的 RT 更短和 P3 振幅更大相关。更高的速度敏捷性与一致任务的 RT 更短相关。臀部评估的中等和中高强度 PA 与整个试验的 P3 潜伏期延长有关，而高强度 PA 与不一致试验的 P3 振幅增大有关。我们的研究结果初步表明，不仅心肺健康，而且速度敏捷性也与抑制控制和 P3 振幅有关，而肌肉力量则没有明显的相关性。PA（中等、剧烈和中高强度）与神经电活动之间的关系与加速度计的位置有关。促进增强心肺健康和速度敏捷性的 PA 计划将有助于更好地了解在超重或肥胖的年轻人中，这些健康改善是否有益于抑制控制。
