Marchal Ophélie, Allali Daniele
Service d'allergologie et immunologie clinique, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Rev Med Suisse. 2020 Apr 8;16(689):684-687.
The goal of this article is to provide an informative review on allergy to mammalian meat. The main allergen contained in « red meat » is the alpha-gal (galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose) that is found in all non-primate mammalian tissues. IgE-mediated allergy to alpha-gal appears typically delayed from the consumption of meat, often three to six hours after ingestion of meat. Common allergic reactions include isolated gastrointestinal symptoms but can potentially be life-threatening with severe anaphylaxis. Diagnosis relies on a thorough clinical history, skin-prick testing and the search for specific IgE. The management of meat allergy consists in the avoidance of all mammalian meat (including gelatins) and other pharmaceutical products that can contain alpha-gal, especially cetuximab.
本文的目的是提供一篇关于对哺乳动物肉类过敏的信息性综述。“红肉”中含有的主要过敏原是α-半乳糖(半乳糖-α-1,3-半乳糖),它存在于所有非灵长类哺乳动物组织中。IgE介导的对α-半乳糖的过敏反应通常在食用肉类后延迟出现,常在摄入肉类后三到六小时。常见的过敏反应包括孤立的胃肠道症状,但严重过敏反应可能会危及生命。诊断依赖于详细的临床病史、皮肤点刺试验以及寻找特异性IgE。肉类过敏的管理包括避免所有哺乳动物肉类(包括明胶)以及其他可能含有α-半乳糖的药品,尤其是西妥昔单抗。