Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Department of Mental Health, Teramo, Italy.
CNS Spectr. 2021 Feb;26(1):51-61. doi: 10.1017/S1092852920001303. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
Pollutant agents are exponentially increasing in modern society since industrialization processes and technology are being developed worldwide. Impact of pollution on public health is well known but little has been described on the association between environmental pollutants and mental health. A literature search on PubMed and EMBASE has been conducted and 134 articles published on the issue of pollution and mental health have been included, cited, reviewed, and summarized. Emerging evidences have been collected on association between major environmental pollutants (air pollutants, heavy metals, ionizing radiation [IR], organophosphate pesticides, light pollution, noise pollution, environmental catastrophes) and various mental health disorders including anxiety, mood, and psychotic syndromes. Underlying pathogenesis includes direct and indirect effects of these agents on brain, respectively, due to their biological effect on human Central Nervous System or related to some levels of stress generated by the exposure to the pollutant agents over the time. Most of emerging evidences are still nonconclusive. Further studies should clarify how industrial production, the exploitation of certain resources, the proximity to waste and energy residues, noise, and the change in lifestyles are connected with psychological distress and mental health problems for the affected populations.
自工业化进程和技术在全球范围内发展以来，现代社会中的污染物数量呈指数级增长。污染对公众健康的影响是众所周知的，但关于环境污染物与心理健康之间的关联却描述甚少。我们在 PubMed 和 EMBASE 上进行了文献检索，纳入并综述了 134 篇关于污染与心理健康问题的文章。我们已经收集到了关于主要环境污染物（空气污染物、重金属、电离辐射[IR]、有机磷农药、光污染、噪声污染、环境灾害）与包括焦虑、情绪和精神病综合征在内的各种心理健康障碍之间关联的新证据。潜在的发病机制包括这些物质对大脑的直接和间接影响，分别是由于它们对人体中枢神经系统的生物学效应，或与随着时间的推移暴露于污染物而产生的某些压力水平有关。大多数新出现的证据仍然没有定论。进一步的研究应该阐明工业生产、某些资源的开发、废物和能源残渣的接近程度、噪声以及生活方式的改变如何与受影响人群的心理困扰和心理健康问题相关联。
