Longman Daniel P, Brown Emily L, Imray Christopher H E
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care (APEx), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2020 Jun;31(2):209-214. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.12.009. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Nonfreezing cold injury (NFCI) is a peripheral cold injury that occurs when the extremities are exposed to cold temperatures, at or near the freezing point, for sustained periods of time (48-96 h at temperatures of usually around 0 to 6°C with associated wind chill). Although NFCI often goes unreported and may be underdiagnosed, it is a cause of significant morbidity in those working in cold conditions, particularly those in the military. Thus, further research into the prevention, recognition, and treatment of NFCI is warranted.
The height, body weight, and body composition of 6 rowers taking part in 1 or 2 legs of the 2017 Polar Row expedition were measured. The weather conditions of the 2 legs of the journey were recorded, and symptoms relating to NFCI were documented.
All incidences of NFCI occurred during Leg 2 of the expedition, which was colder and wetter. Of the Leg 2 rowers, those who developed NFCI had a trend toward higher pre-row body weight and body mass index and a trends toward losing more weight and body water relative to those who did not.
The main factor contributing to the incidence of NFCI appeared to be weather; NFCI only occurred during the colder and wetter leg of the expedition. We also tentatively suggest that nutrition and dehydration may be linked to the incidence of NFCI as predisposing factors. More work, with sample sizes greater than those reported here, is required to investigate these associations to further characterize risk factors.
非冻结性冷损伤（NFCI）是一种周围性冷损伤，当四肢长时间暴露于接近或处于冰点的低温环境中（通常在0至6°C左右的温度下持续48 - 96小时，并伴有风冷效应）时发生。尽管NFCI常常未被报告且可能诊断不足，但它是在寒冷环境中工作的人员，尤其是军人中导致显著发病的原因。因此，有必要对NFCI的预防、识别和治疗进行进一步研究。
测量了参加2017年极地划船探险1段或2段行程的6名划船运动员的身高、体重和身体成分。记录了行程两段的天气状况，并记录了与NFCI相关的症状。
所有NFCI病例均发生在探险的第2段行程，该段行程更寒冷且潮湿。在第2段行程的划船运动员中，发生NFCI的人相对于未发生者，划船前体重和体重指数有更高的趋势，且在体重和身体水分流失方面也有更高的趋势。
导致NFCI发病的主要因素似乎是天气；NFCI仅发生在探险较寒冷且潮湿的那段行程。我们还初步认为，营养和脱水可能作为易感因素与NFCI的发病有关。需要开展更多工作，采用比本文报告更大的样本量来研究这些关联，以进一步明确风险因素。
