Alvarez Ivan, Smittenaar Rebecca, Handley Sian E, Liasis Alki, Sereno Martin I, Schwarzkopf D Samuel, Clark Chris A
Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
Cortex. 2020 Jul;128:107-123. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.03.016. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
Albinism is a congenital disorder where misrouting of the optic nerves at the chiasm gives rise to abnormal visual field representations in occipital cortex. In typical human development, the left occipital cortex receives retinal input predominantly from the right visual field, and vice-versa. In albinism, there is a more complete decussation of optic nerve fibers at the chiasm, resulting in partial representation of the temporal hemiretina (ipsilateral visual field) in the contralateral hemisphere. In this study, we characterize the receptive field properties for these abnormal representations by conducting detailed fMRI population receptive field mapping in a rare subset of participants with albinism and no ocular nystagmus. We find a nasal bias for receptive field positions in the abnormal temporal hemiretina representation. In addition, by modelling responses to bilateral visual field stimulation in the overlap zone, we found evidence in favor of discrete unilateral receptive fields, suggesting a conservative pattern of spatial selectivity in the presence of abnormal retinal input.
白化病是一种先天性疾病,其中视神经在视交叉处的错向会导致枕叶皮质中视野表征异常。在典型的人类发育过程中,左枕叶皮质主要接收来自右侧视野的视网膜输入,反之亦然。在白化病中,视交叉处的视神经纤维交叉更为完全,导致颞侧半视网膜(同侧视野)在对侧半球有部分表征。在本研究中,我们通过对一小部分患有白化病且无眼球震颤的参与者进行详细的功能磁共振成像群体感受野映射,来表征这些异常表征的感受野特性。我们发现在异常的颞侧半视网膜表征中,感受野位置存在鼻侧偏向。此外,通过对重叠区域双侧视野刺激的反应进行建模,我们发现了支持离散单侧感受野的证据,这表明在存在异常视网膜输入的情况下,空间选择性模式较为保守。