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各种处理对黑麦或黑麦组分营养价值的影响。

Effect of various treatments on the nutritional value of rye or rye fractions.

作者信息

Ward A T, Marquardt R R

机构信息

Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 1988 Dec;29(4):709-20. doi: 10.1080/00071668808417099.

Abstract
  1. Rye grain was subjected to several treatments in an attempt to alter its nutritive value for young chickens. 2. Soaking rye in water or dilute hydrochloric acid improved its nutritional quality. This was manifested by increased food intake, food utilisation, weight gain and increased apparent absorption of fat for chicks fed on a diet containing treated rye. 3. Autoclaving rye before water soaking eliminated the effect of soaking, an effect attributed to denaturation of endogenous enzymes which were responsible for the deactivation of the deleterious compound(s). 4. Autoclaving, sprouting and soaking rye in dilute sodium hydroxide decreased its nutritive value. 5. Studies with rye fractions demonstrated that the apparent absorption of fat was lower in birds fed on diets containing rye flour compared with those fed on diets containing rye bran, that greater improvement in apparent fat absorption occurred after water soaking of rye flour than similarly treating rye bran and that the effects were greater soon after initiation of the feeding of the rye diets as compared with the later part of the feeding trial.
摘要
  1. 对黑麦进行了几种处理,试图改变其对幼鸡的营养价值。2. 将黑麦浸泡在水中或稀盐酸中可提高其营养质量。这表现为,以含有经处理黑麦的日粮喂养的雏鸡,其采食量、食物利用率、体重增加以及脂肪表观吸收率均有所提高。3. 在水浸之前对黑麦进行高压灭菌消除了浸泡的效果,该效果归因于内源性酶的变性,这些酶负责使有害化合物失活。4. 对黑麦进行高压灭菌、发芽处理以及在稀氢氧化钠中浸泡会降低其营养价值。5. 对黑麦各组分的研究表明,与喂食含有黑麦麸日粮的鸟类相比,喂食含有黑麦粉日粮的鸟类脂肪表观吸收率较低;黑麦粉水浸后表观脂肪吸收率的改善程度大于对黑麦麸进行类似处理后的改善程度;与饲喂试验后期相比,在开始饲喂黑麦日粮后不久效果更明显。

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