嗅觉或味觉丧失作为新冠病毒病（COVID-19）的唯一症状。
Loss of smell or taste as the only symptom of COVID-19.
作者信息
Hjelmesæth Jøran, Skaare Dagfinn
出版信息
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2020 Apr 3;140(7). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0287. Print 2020 May 5.
BACKGROUND
Olfactory and taste disorders (OTDs) have recently been reported among patients with COVID-19, and it has been hypothesised that oral and nasal tissues may contain host cells of SARS-CoV-2. We report on two cases (spouses) with SARS-CoV-2 infection with self-reported OTDs, but otherwise no typical respiratory symptoms of COVID-19.
CASE PRESENTATION
A man in his nineties (index patient) had respiratory symptoms and dysgeusia, and was diagnosed with COVID-19. His daughter-in-law and son had no respiratory COVID-19 symptoms. However, they experienced complete loss of smell and taste, respectively, 7 and 10 days after their first close contact with the index patient. Both tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
INTERPRETATION
Our case histories support recent reports hypothesising that anosmia and ageusia may be the only symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that SARS-CoV-2 may infect oral and nasal tissues. Together, these findings may inform future research, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
背景
近期有报告称新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者中出现嗅觉和味觉障碍（OTD），并且据推测口腔和鼻腔组织可能含有严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的宿主细胞。我们报告了两例（夫妻）感染SARS-CoV-2且自述有OTD，但无其他COVID-19典型呼吸道症状的病例。
病例介绍
一名九十多岁的男性（索引患者）出现呼吸道症状和味觉障碍，被诊断为COVID-19。他的儿媳和儿子没有COVID-19呼吸道症状。然而，他们在首次与索引患者密切接触后的第7天和第10天分别出现了完全嗅觉丧失和味觉丧失。两人的SARS-CoV-2 RNA检测均呈阳性。
解读
我们的病例记录支持了近期的报告，这些报告推测嗅觉丧失和味觉丧失可能是SARS-CoV-2感染的唯一症状，并且SARS-CoV-2可能感染口腔和鼻腔组织。这些发现共同可能为未来COVID-19的研究、诊断、预防和治疗提供信息。
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