早产儿母亲停止母乳喂养：一项混合方法研究。
Cessation of breastfeeding in mothers of preterm infants-A mixed method study.
机构信息
School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 May 15;15(5):e0233181. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233181. eCollection 2020.
INTRODUCTION
Many women cease breastfeeding earlier than desired. This study examined the cessation of breastfeeding among mothers of preterm infants. Thus, the aim was to describe the cessation of breastfeeding in mothers of preterm infants up to 12 months after birth.
METHOD
This mixed methods study used a convergent design with both qualitative data, consisting of written comments, and quantitative data, on breastfeeding status and breastfeeding satisfaction. The data were collected from questionnaires sent to the mothers at three points during the first year after birth. In total, 270 mothers of preterm infants who breastfed at the time of discharge from the neonatal unit provided data for the study. The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed separately with statistical tests and hermeneutical analysis, respectively and then together according to the convergent mixed methods design.
RESULTS
Four themes of the meanings of the cessation of breastfeeding were identified in the qualitative analysis: "Desire to regain the mother's and the infant's well-being", "The mothers interpretation that the infants actively ceased breastfeeding", "The mother's body and/or the infants' signals showing the way" and "The mother's own will and perceived external obstacles". Mothers who did not breastfeed as long as they wanted were more likely to report less satisfaction with breastfeeding, a shorter breastfeeding period, and less activity when ceasing breastfeeding. In comparison, mothers who breastfed as long as they wanted were more satisfied with breastfeeding, breastfed for a longer period of time and were more active in decision making in breastfeeding cessation.
CONCLUSION
Maternal passivity or activity influenced the cessation of breastfeeding in mothers of preterm infants who breastfed at the time of discharge from the neonatal unit. Passive behaviour related to breastfeeding may result in early cessation of breastfeeding, and low breastfeeding satisfaction while active behaviour may increase breastfeeding length and satisfaction.
介绍
许多女性在她们期望的时间之前停止母乳喂养。本研究调查了早产儿母亲的母乳喂养停止情况。因此，本研究的目的是描述早产儿母亲在出生后 12 个月内的母乳喂养停止情况。
方法
本混合方法研究采用了收敛设计，同时使用了定性数据（包括书面评论）和定量数据（母乳喂养状况和母乳喂养满意度）。数据是通过在出生后第一年的三个时间点向母亲发送问卷收集的。共有 270 名在新生儿病房出院时母乳喂养的早产儿母亲为该研究提供了数据。定量和定性数据分别进行分析，使用统计检验和解释学分析，然后根据收敛混合方法设计将其合并。
结果
定性分析中确定了母乳喂养停止的四个主题的含义：“渴望恢复母亲和婴儿的健康”、“母亲的解释是婴儿主动停止母乳喂养”、“母亲的身体和/或婴儿的信号指明了方向”和“母亲的意愿和感知到的外部障碍”。没有按照自己意愿母乳喂养那么久的母亲更有可能报告对母乳喂养的满意度较低、母乳喂养时间较短以及停止母乳喂养时的活动较少。相比之下，按照自己意愿母乳喂养那么久的母亲对母乳喂养的满意度更高、母乳喂养时间更长，并且在母乳喂养停止决策方面更积极。
结论
在新生儿病房出院时母乳喂养的早产儿母亲的母乳喂养停止情况受到母亲的被动或主动行为的影响。与母乳喂养相关的被动行为可能导致母乳喂养早期停止和低母乳喂养满意度，而主动行为可能增加母乳喂养时间和满意度。
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