Department of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Perfusion. 2020 Nov;35(8):806-813. doi: 10.1177/0267659120915142. Epub 2020 May 16.
Catheter-related thrombosis may lead to catheter infections and failure, further deep venous thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Recognizing the risk factors for catheter-related thrombosis is extremely important to inform the development of catheter care guidelines.
Data were collected from a total of 1,532 patients who had undergone venous catheterization, including indwelling catheterization from 19 March 2019 to 30 March 2019 in the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. The factors for which data were to be collected included the patients' physical characteristics, catheter-related factors, and catheter care-related factors. Logistic regression analysis, the chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and the -test were used to analyze the data.
Of the 1,532 patients studied, 28 developed intraductal thrombi, and of the factors analyzed, malignancy, a catheterization history, a history of thrombophilia, surgery during the week before catheterization, the catheterization duration, and anticoagulant therapy were significant risk factors associated with catheter-related thrombosis (all p < 0.05). There were no significant associations between the catheter brand, the number of lumens, the insertion direction, or the factors associated with catheter care and catheter-related thrombosis (all p > 0.05).
Our study incorporated clear and systematic risk factors associated with catheter-related thrombosis. Malignancy, history of thrombophilia, history of catheterization, surgery during the week before catheterization, and catheterization duration were associated with increased risks of catheter-related thrombosis. Prophylactic anticoagulation was effective for preventing and treating catheter-related thrombosis.
导管相关性血栓可导致导管感染和失败，进而引发深部静脉血栓和肺栓塞。认识导管相关性血栓的风险因素对于制定导管护理指南非常重要。
本研究共纳入 1532 例接受静脉置管的患者，包括 2019 年 3 月 19 日至 3 月 30 日在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院行留置导管的患者。收集的数据包括患者的体格特征、导管相关因素和导管护理相关因素。采用 logistic 回归分析、卡方检验、Fisher 确切概率法和 t 检验进行数据分析。
在 1532 例患者中，28 例发生导管内血栓形成。在分析的因素中，恶性肿瘤、导管史、血栓形成倾向史、导管置入前一周内手术、导管置入时间和抗凝治疗是与导管相关性血栓形成相关的显著危险因素（均 P<0.05）。导管品牌、管腔数量、置入方向以及与导管护理相关的因素与导管相关性血栓形成之间均无显著相关性（均 P>0.05）。
本研究纳入了明确的、系统性的导管相关性血栓形成相关危险因素。恶性肿瘤、血栓形成倾向史、导管史、导管置入前一周内手术和导管置入时间与导管相关性血栓形成风险增加相关。预防性抗凝治疗可有效预防和治疗导管相关性血栓形成。
