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脂质体包裹的他汀类药物通过局部应用减少肥厚性瘢痕形成。

Liposome-encapsulated statins reduce hypertrophic scarring through topical application.

机构信息

Laboratory for Tissue Repair and Regenerative Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Dynamic Entropy Technology LLC, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

出版信息

Wound Repair Regen. 2020 Jul;28(4):460-469. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12811. Epub 2020 May 19.

Abstract

Hypertrophic scar is an important clinical problem with limited therapeutic options. Aside from their roles as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, statins have also been demonstrated to decrease scarring by reducing connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression. However, poor penetrative ability limits their utility as topical treatments for hypertrophic scar. Here, we aim to develop novel statin formulations using liposomes to enhance dermal penetrative ability and to evaluate their efficacy against formation of hypertrophic scar utilizing our validated rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model. Liposomal simvastatin or pravastatin were compounded using a novel, flexible liposomal formulation and applied topically to rabbit ear hypertrophic scars daily from postoperation day (POD) 14 until POD 25. Scar color, including erythema and melanin, was measured using reflectance spectrophotometry on POD 28, and scar tissue was harvested for evaluation of scar elevation index as well as gene and protein expression. Human foreskin fibroblasts were also treated with statin formulations and CCN2 expression was determined by quantitative PCR. Both simvastatin and pravastatin were efficiently encapsulated in liposomes, forming nanometer-scale particles possessing highly negative charges. Topical treatment with liposomal simvastatin and pravastatin at 6.5% concentration significantly reduced scar elevation index and decreased type I/III collagen content and myofibroblast persistence in the wound. The erythema/vascularity of scars was reduced by liposomal statin treatment, with concomitant decrease of CD31 expression as measured histologically. Expression levels of transcripts encoding CTGF, collagen I, and collagen III collagen in scar tissue were also decreased by liposomal pravastatin treatment, as were myofibroblast persistence and the type I/III collagen ratio as assessed by immunofluorescence and picrosirus red staining, respectively. Treatment of human foreskin fibroblasts with simvastatin or with liposome-encapsulated pravastatin resulted in decreased expression of transcript encoding CTGF. Overall, our novel statin formulations encapsulated in liposomes were successfully delivered through topical application, significantly reducing hypertrophic scarring in a rabbit ear model.

摘要

增生性瘢痕是一种临床重要问题,治疗选择有限。除了作为 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰基辅酶 A 还原酶抑制剂的作用外,他汀类药物还通过降低结缔组织生长因子 (CTGF) 的表达来减少瘢痕形成。然而,其透皮能力差限制了其作为增生性瘢痕的局部治疗用途。在这里,我们旨在使用脂质体开发新型他汀类药物制剂,以增强真皮透皮能力,并利用我们验证的兔耳增生性瘢痕模型评估其对增生性瘢痕形成的疗效。脂质体辛伐他汀或普伐他汀使用新型灵活的脂质体制剂进行复合,并从术后第 14 天 (POD) 开始每天局部应用于兔耳增生性瘢痕,直至 POD 25。在 POD 28 时使用反射分光光度法测量瘢痕颜色,包括红斑和黑色素,并采集瘢痕组织以评估瘢痕隆起指数以及基因和蛋白质表达。还用人包皮成纤维细胞处理他汀类药物制剂,并通过定量 PCR 确定 CCN2 表达。辛伐他汀和普伐他汀均被有效地包封在脂质体中,形成具有高度负电荷的纳米级颗粒。6.5%浓度的脂质体辛伐他汀和普伐他汀的局部治疗显著降低了瘢痕隆起指数,并减少了伤口中 I 型/III 型胶原含量和肌成纤维细胞的持续存在。脂质体他汀类药物治疗减少了瘢痕的红斑/血管性,组织学上 CD31 表达也随之降低。脂质体普伐他汀治疗还降低了瘢痕组织中编码 CTGF、I 型胶原和 III 型胶原的转录物的表达水平,通过免疫荧光和 picrosirus 红染色分别评估肌成纤维细胞的持续存在和 I 型/III 型胶原比。用辛伐他汀或包封在脂质体中的普伐他汀处理人包皮成纤维细胞导致编码 CTGF 的转录物表达降低。总体而言,我们成功地通过局部应用递送包封在脂质体中的新型他汀类药物制剂,显著减少了兔耳模型中的增生性瘢痕形成。

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