Xie Sha, Lei Yujuan, Chen Huawei, Li Junnan, Chen Huangzhao, Zhang Zhenwen
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 May 7;11:527. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00527. eCollection 2020.
Anthocyanins with important physiological functions mainly accumulate in grape berry, but teinturier grape cultivars can accumulate anthocyanins in both reproductive and vegetative tissues. The molecular regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapevine reproductive and vegetative tissues are different. Therefore, teinturier grapevine cultivar provides opportunities to investigate transcriptional regulation of vegetative anthocyanins, and to compare with mechanisms that regulate grape berry anthocyanins. Yan73 is a teinturier variety with vegetative tissues able to accumulate anthocyanins, but the anthocyanin pattern and the molecular mechanism regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in these tissues remain uncharacterized. We analyzed the anthocyanin metabolic and transcriptome profiles of the vegetative tissues of Yan73 and its male parent with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and RNA-sequencing technologies. Yan73 vegetative tissues had relatively high 3'-OH, acylated, and methoxylated anthocyanins. Furthermore, peonidin-3--(-6-coumaryl)-glucoside is the most abundant anthocyanin in Yan73 grapevine vegetative tissues. A total of 30,17 and 10 anthocyanin biosynthesis genes showed up-regulated expression in Yan73 leaf, stem and tendril, respectively, indicating anthocyanin biosynthesis in Yan73 vegetative tissues is regulated by transcription factors. The up-regulated expression of on chromosome 2 and , , and on chromosome 14 are responsible for the anthocyanin patterns of Yan73 vegetative tissues. The expression of a set of R2R3-MYB C2 repressor genes is activated and may negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in Yan73 vegetative tissues. These findings enhance our understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapevine.
具有重要生理功能的花青素主要积累在葡萄浆果中，但染色葡萄品种在生殖组织和营养组织中都能积累花青素。葡萄生殖组织和营养组织中花青素生物合成的分子调控机制不同。因此，染色葡萄品种为研究营养组织花青素的转录调控以及与调控葡萄浆果花青素的机制进行比较提供了机会。‘烟73’是一个营养组织能够积累花青素的染色品种，但这些组织中的花青素模式以及调控花青素生物合成的分子机制仍未明确。我们利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS）和RNA测序技术分析了‘烟73’及其父本营养组织的花青素代谢和转录组图谱。‘烟73’营养组织中3'-羟基、酰化和甲氧基化花青素含量相对较高。此外，芍药素-3-[-（6-香豆酰基）]-葡萄糖苷是‘烟73’葡萄营养组织中含量最丰富的花青素。分别有30、17和10个花青素生物合成基因在‘烟73’的叶片、茎和卷须中上调表达，表明‘烟73’营养组织中的花青素生物合成受转录因子调控。2号染色体上的 和14号染色体上的 、 及 的上调表达决定了‘烟73’营养组织的花青素模式。一组R2R3-MYB C2阻遏基因的表达被激活，可能对‘烟73’营养组织中的花青素生物合成起负调控作用。这些发现增进了我们对葡萄花青素生物合成的理解。
