Chun Xue, Zhao Yu-Sen, Xin Yin, Li Jin-Xiang, Liang Dong-Zhe
College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry Univer-sity, Harbin 150040, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Feb;31(2):388-398. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202002.033.
To understand the contents of various phosphorus forms, phosphorus solubilizing bacte-rial community structure and the relationship between them in soils after restoration from the seriously burning, we collected soil samples from artificial restoration (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, Larix gmelinii plantation), artificial accelerated natural restoration (secondary forest) and natural restoration (natural secondary forest) stands in Greater Khingan Mountain area. Using methods of Sui et al. modified from Hedley phosphorus fractionation, we measured the contents of different phosphorus forms in rhizosphere soil and bulk soil (0-10, 10-20 cm). Abundances of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria were quantified by high-throughput sequencing method. The results showed that the contents of HO-P, NaHCO-P and NaHCO-Pin 0-10 cm bulk soil and NaHCO-P in rhizosphere soil followed the order of L. gmelinii plantation : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation : natural secondary forest : secondary forest. The contents of HO-P, NaHCO-P, NaHCO-P in 10-20 cm bulk soil and HO-P, NaHCO-P in rhizosphere soil followed the order of L. gmelinii plantation : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation : secondary forest : natural secondary forest. The ratios of contents of HO-P, NaHCO-P and NaHCO-P in rhizosphere to those in bulk soil (R/S) were higher than 1 in all forest stands. The moderately labile NaOH-P included NaOH-P and NaOH-P. The content of NaOH-P was in order of L. gmelinii plantation : natural secondary forest : secondary forest : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in 0-10 cm layer of bulk and rhizosphere soil, and ranked as L. gmelinii plantation : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation : secondary forest : natural secondary forest in 10-20 cm layer of bulk soil. There was rhizosphere effect of NaOH-P in the soil. The stable HCl-P included HCl-P and HCl-P. The content of HCl-P followed the order of L. gmelinii plantation : natural secondary forest : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation : secondary forest in 0-10 cm layer of bulk soil,and ranked as L. gmelinii plantation : P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation : natural secondary forest : secondary forest in the 10-20 cm layer. The content of residual-P in the soil was not sensitive to restoration methods. Bradyrhizobium, Streptomyces, Burkholderia and Bacillus were the main phosphorus solubilizing bacteria across all forest stands. The abundances of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in soil of L. gmelinii plantation and P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation were significantly higher than that of secondary forest and natural secondary forest. Results of redundancy analysis showed that the correlation between phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and various phosphorus forms was different. Our results showed that artificial afforestation was more conducive in improving the availability of phosphorus in soil and the abundance of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria.
为了解重度火烧后恢复土壤中各种磷形态的含量、解磷细菌群落结构及其相互关系，我们在大兴安岭地区采集了人工恢复（樟子松人工林、落叶松人工林）、人工加速自然恢复（次生林）和自然恢复（天然次生林）林分的土壤样品。采用在Hedley磷素分级法基础上经隋等人改进的方法，测定了根际土壤和原状土壤（0 - 10、10 - 20 cm）中不同磷形态的含量。通过高通量测序法对解磷细菌的丰度进行了定量分析。结果表明，0 - 10 cm原状土壤中HO - P、NaHCO₃ - P和NaHCO₃ - P以及根际土壤中NaHCO₃ - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞樟子松人工林＞天然次生林＞次生林。10 - 20 cm原状土壤中HO - P、NaHCO₃ - P、NaHCO₃ - P以及根际土壤中HO - P、NaHCO₃ - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞樟子松人工林＞次生林＞天然次生林。各林分根际土壤中HO - P、NaHCO₃ - P和NaHCO₃ - P与原状土壤中的含量比值（R/S）均大于1。中度活性的NaOH - P包括NaOH - P和NaOH - P。0 - 10 cm土层原状和根际土壤中NaOH - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞天然次生林＞次生林＞樟子松人工林，10 - 20 cm土层原状土壤中NaOH - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞樟子松人工林＞次生林＞天然次生林。土壤中存在NaOH - P的根际效应。稳定态的HCl - P包括HCl - P和HCl - P。0 - 10 cm土层原状土壤中HCl - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞天然次生林＞樟子松人工林＞次生林，10 - 20 cm土层中HCl - P的含量顺序为：落叶松人工林＞樟子松人工林＞天然次生林＞次生林。土壤中残余磷的含量对恢复方式不敏感。慢生根瘤菌属、链霉菌属、伯克霍尔德菌属和芽孢杆菌属是所有林分中的主要解磷细菌。落叶松人工林和樟子松人工林土壤中解磷细菌的丰度显著高于次生林和天然次生林。冗余分析结果表明，解磷细菌与各种磷形态之间的相关性不同。我们的研究结果表明，人工造林更有利于提高土壤中磷的有效性和解磷细菌的丰度。
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