Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India.
Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India.
Carbohydr Res. 2020 Jul;493:108033. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108033. Epub 2020 May 15.
N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC), quaternized hydrophilic derivative of chitosan, has been projected to have wide applications in the pharmaceutical industry owing to its improved solubility at physiological conditions. However, the conventional synthesis of TMC involves toxic organic agents, which complicates its use for biological applications. Moreover, these reactions result into unwanted O-methylation and scission of the parent polymer. In the present study we have addressed these limitations by employing a green approach to synthesize TMC, by using lipase as the biocatalyst and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as the green methylating agent, in a reaction medium comprising of ternary deep eutectic solvents (TDESs). Synthesis of TMC was carried out by using two different lipases from Burkholderia cepacia and Candida rugosa. The resulting TMC was characterized by using FTIR, H NMR, DSC, XRD. Methylation was confirmed by FTIR analysis (-CH at 1666 cm) and H NMR (?? = 3.3 ppm). DSC study revealed a lower thermal stability of TMC as compared to chitosan. These results indicated the possibility of using DMC as a green methylating agent, along with TDESs as green and sustainable solvents, for lipase catalyzed reactions. TMC was successfully synthesized and exhibited a degree of quaternization of about 12.5%, 15.69%, when synthesized used lipases from Burkholderia cepacia and Candida rugosa, respectively.
N,N,N-三甲基壳聚糖(TMC)是壳聚糖的季铵化亲水衍生物,由于其在生理条件下的溶解度提高,预计在制药工业中有广泛的应用。然而,TMC 的传统合成涉及有毒的有机试剂,这使其在生物应用中复杂化。此外,这些反应导致不需要的 O-甲基化和母体聚合物的断裂。在本研究中,我们通过使用脂肪酶作为生物催化剂和碳酸二甲酯(DMC)作为绿色甲基化剂,在包含三元深共熔溶剂(TDES)的反应介质中,采用绿色方法来解决这些限制,从而合成了 TMC。使用两种不同的来自假单胞菌属和假丝酵母的脂肪酶进行了 TMC 的合成。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(NMR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和 X 射线衍射(XRD)对所得 TMC 进行了表征。FTIR 分析(-CH 在 1666 cm 处)和 NMR(?? = 3.3 ppm)证实了甲基化。DSC 研究表明,与壳聚糖相比,TMC 的热稳定性较低。这些结果表明,DMC 可以与 TDES 一起作为绿色和可持续的溶剂,用于脂肪酶催化反应,作为绿色甲基化试剂的可能性。成功合成了 TMC,并用假单胞菌和假丝酵母脂肪酶合成时,其季铵化程度分别约为 12.5%和 15.69%。
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