Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2020 Dec;76(12):3982-3989. doi: 10.1002/ps.5947. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
Lymantria dispar is an economically impactful forest pest worldwide. The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana shows great promise in pest management due to its high lethality in Lymantria dispar. A complete understanding of the immune interactions between the pest and the pathogenic fungus is essential to actualizing biological pest management.
Following the infection of Lymantria dispar by Beauveria bassiana spores, we performed a time-course analysis of transcriptome in Lymantria dispar fat bodies and hemocytes to explore host immune response. A total of 244 immunity-related genes including pattern recognition receptors, extracellular signal modulators, immune pathways (Toll, IMD, JNK and JAK/STAT), and response effectors were identified. We observed contrasting tissue and time-specific differences in the expression of immune genes. At the early stage of infection, several recognition receptors and effector genes were activated, while the signal modulation and effector genes were suppressed at later stages. Further enzyme activity-based assays coupled with gene expression analysis of prophenoloxidase revealed a significant upregulation of phenoloxidase activity at 48- and 72-h post-infection. Moreover, fungal infection led to dysbiosis in gut microbiota that seems to be partially attributed to reduced gut hydrogen peroxide (H O ) amount, which indicates a significant impact of fungal infection on host gut microbes.
Our study provides a comprehensive sequence resource and crucial new insights about an economically important forest pest. Specifically, we elucidate the complicated multipartite interaction between host and fungal pathogen and contribute to a better understanding of Lymantria dispar anti-fungal immunity, resulting in better tools for biological pest control. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
舞毒蛾是一种具有全球经济影响的森林害虫。由于球孢白僵菌对舞毒蛾具有很高的致死率，因此在害虫管理中显示出巨大的应用潜力。全面了解害虫与病原真菌之间的免疫相互作用对于实现生物防治至关重要。
在舞毒蛾被球孢白僵菌孢子感染后，我们对舞毒蛾脂肪体和血细胞中的转录组进行了时间过程分析，以探索宿主的免疫反应。共鉴定出 244 个与免疫相关的基因，包括模式识别受体、细胞外信号调节剂、免疫途径（Toll、IMD、JNK 和 JAK/STAT）和反应效应器。我们观察到免疫基因在组织和时间上的表达存在明显的差异。在感染的早期阶段，几种识别受体和效应基因被激活，而在后期阶段，信号调节和效应基因被抑制。进一步的酶活性测定结合酚氧化酶原基因表达分析表明，感染后 48 和 72 小时，酚氧化酶活性显著上调。此外，真菌感染导致肠道微生物群落失调，这似乎部分归因于肠道过氧化氢（H₂O₂）含量减少，这表明真菌感染对宿主肠道微生物有重大影响。
本研究提供了一个全面的序列资源，并对一种具有重要经济意义的森林害虫有了新的认识。具体来说，我们阐明了宿主与真菌病原体之间复杂的多组分相互作用，并有助于更好地理解舞毒蛾的抗真菌免疫，从而为生物防治提供更好的工具。 © 2020 化学工业协会。
