Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Rajarata University, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka.
Medical Officer/Public Health, Office of the Provincial Director of Health Services, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jun 12;20(1):913. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09066-w.
BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a notifiable disease in Sri Lanka since 2008. Previous studies show a gap in the notification of leishmaniasis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the Knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical officers regarding leishmaniasis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Anuradhapura district which reported the highest case load of leishmaniasis. Medical officers from public and private health care institutes in the area filled a self-administered questionnaire in the presence of the investigators. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-eight (188) medical officers completed the questionnaire. Of them, 95.7% were aware of leishmaniasis as a parasitic infection and 84.7% correctly identified Leishmania donovani as the causative organism in Sri Lanka. From the respondents, 181 (96.8%) knew that the vector of leishmaniasis is sand fly. Cutaneous leishmaniasis was reported as the most prevalent form of leishmaniasis in the country by 176 (94.1%). Nearly half of the respondents (98, 54.1%) were aware of the fact that the Anuradhapura district has the highest disease burden. Many of them had the idea that leishmaniasis is an emerging disease (155, 84.3%,) and early diagnosis is important in controlling the disease (163, 89.1%). Although about three fourth (123, 73.7%,) of the participants mentioned that leishmaniasis should be notified at first clinical suspicion, only 74 (42.5%) were aware that it is a legal requirement. Some medical officers (39, 22%) believed that the current notification system in the country is not effective. Unavailability of notification forms (60, 36.8%) heavy workload (85, 50.3%) and inadequate supportive staff (55, 35.1%) were reported as barriers for timely notification. Even though 105 (58.0%) of medical officers had suspected leishmaniasis during the last 8 years period only 35 (19.4%) had notified. CONCLUSIONS: Even though more than 90% of the participants had good theoretical knowledge about leishmaniasis; notification of leishmaniasis is considerably inadequate. This study emphasizes the need for greater efforts to improve the notification of leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.
背景：自 2008 年以来，利什曼病在斯里兰卡已被列为应报告的疾病。先前的研究表明，利什曼病的报告存在差距。本研究的目的是确定医务人员对利什曼病的知识、态度和实践。
方法：在报告利什曼病病例最多的阿努拉德普勒区进行了一项横断面研究。该地区公立和私立医疗机构的医务人员在调查人员在场的情况下填写了一份自我管理的问卷。
结果：188 名医务人员完成了问卷。其中，95.7%的人知晓利什曼病是一种寄生虫感染，84.7%的人正确识别出杜氏利什曼原虫是斯里兰卡的病原体。在被调查者中，181 人（96.8%）知道利什曼病的传播媒介是沙蝇。176 人（94.1%）报告说，该国最常见的利什曼病形式是皮肤利什曼病。近一半的受访者（98 人，54.1%）知道阿努拉德普勒区的疾病负担最重。他们中的许多人认为利什曼病是一种新出现的疾病（155 人，84.3%），早期诊断对控制疾病很重要（163 人，89.1%）。尽管约四分之三（123 人，73.7%）的参与者提到应在首次临床怀疑时报告利什曼病，但只有 74 人（42.5%）知道这是一项法律要求。一些医务人员（39 人，22%）认为该国目前的报告系统没有效果。缺乏报告表格（60 人，36.8%）、工作量大（85 人，50.3%）和缺乏支持人员（55 人，35.1%）被报告为及时报告的障碍。尽管 105 名医务人员（58.0%）在过去 8 年期间怀疑患有利什曼病，但只有 35 人（19.4%）报告了该病。
结论：尽管超过 90%的参与者对利什曼病有很好的理论知识；但利什曼病的报告数量相当不足。本研究强调需要加大努力，改善斯里兰卡的利什曼病报告工作。
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