Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, United States.
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, United States; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Behavior Science, United States; Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, 75-59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, United States; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, United States.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Jul 1;272:231-238. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.114. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
Research suggests that people with bipolar disorder (BD), like individuals with autism spectrum disorders or schizophrenia (among other forms of psychopathology), often have social cognition deficits that negatively impact relationships and quality of life. Studies of social cognition largely focus on face emotion recognition. However, relying solely on faces is not ecologically valid - other cues are available outside of a lab environment. If the ability to correctly interpret other emotion cues is intact, people with face emotion recognition deficits could learn to rely on other cues in order to make inferences about peoples' emotional states. This study explored whether both facial emotion and emotional body language (EBL) recognition are impaired in people with BD.
We measured the performance of individuals with BD relative to community controls on a computer-based emotion recognition task that isolated participants' ability to interpret emotions in faces, bodies without faces, and in bodies with faces.
Results indicated that the BD group was significantly less accurate on face emotion recognition (Cohen's d = -0.87, p = .023), and was more likely to misidentify neutral stimuli as sad (Cohen's d = -0.58, p = .030). Emotion identification accuracy was equivalent across groups when the body (not just face) was visible.
People with BD experience deficits in face emotion recognition, and their emotional state may influence their interpretation of others' emotions. However, recognition of EBL seems largely intact in this population. Paying attention to EBL may help people with BD to compensate for face emotion processing deficits and improve social functioning.
研究表明，双相情感障碍（BD）患者与自闭症谱系障碍或精神分裂症患者（以及其他形式的精神病理学）一样，通常存在社交认知缺陷，这会对人际关系和生活质量产生负面影响。社交认知的研究主要集中在面部情绪识别上。然而，仅仅依靠面部表情并不具有生态有效性——在实验室环境之外还有其他线索可用。如果正确解释其他情绪线索的能力完好无损，那么具有面部情绪识别缺陷的人可以学习依赖其他线索来推断人们的情绪状态。本研究探讨了 BD 患者是否同时存在面部情绪和情绪肢体语言（EBL）识别缺陷。
我们通过一项基于计算机的情绪识别任务，测量了 BD 患者与社区对照组的表现，该任务将参与者解释面部表情、无面部身体表情和有面部身体表情的能力分离开来。
结果表明，BD 组在面部情绪识别方面的准确性显著降低（Cohen's d=-0.87，p=0.023），并且更有可能将中性刺激误认为悲伤（Cohen's d=-0.58，p=0.030）。当身体（不仅是面部）可见时，两组的情绪识别准确性相当。
BD 患者存在面部情绪识别缺陷，并且他们的情绪状态可能会影响他们对他人情绪的解释。然而，在该人群中，EBL 的识别似乎基本完好无损。关注 EBL 可能有助于 BD 患者弥补面部情绪处理缺陷并改善社交功能。
