Cadden S W, Newton J P
Department of Dental Surgery, University of Dundee, Scotland.
Arch Oral Biol. 1988;33(12):863-9. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(88)90014-3.
The effects on activity in the masseter muscle of applying electrical stimuli to discrete areas within the mouth or on peri-oral skin were studied electromyographically in 8 subjects. In all subjects, the intra-oral stimuli produced two phases of depressed masseteric activity with mean latencies of 14 ms and 47 ms. By contrast, this shorter latency response was generally not obtained with peri-oral stimuli: responses evoked from vermilion-border skin had an intermediate latency (mean 25 ms) and consisted of either one or two periods of depressed activity, while the responses to stimulation of the hairy skin of the lip generally consisted of a single phase of depressed activity, the time course of which was similar to the later phase produced by intra-oral stimuli (mean latency, 48 ms). These findings were consistently obtained with both single and short trains of electrical stimuli and contrast with reports that intra- and peri-oral stimuli produce similar reflexes. The finding that the short-latency reflex depression of masseteric activity could be evoked only by stimulating nerves supplying intra-oral tissues is consistent with the notion that this reflex may play a role in functions such as mastication, and indeed may indicate that the reflex exists specifically for such a purpose.
对8名受试者进行肌电图研究，以观察向口腔内离散区域或口周皮肤施加电刺激对咬肌活动的影响。在所有受试者中，口腔内刺激产生了两个阶段的咬肌活动抑制，平均潜伏期分别为14毫秒和47毫秒。相比之下，口周刺激通常不会产生这种较短潜伏期的反应：从唇红缘皮肤诱发的反应潜伏期居中（平均25毫秒），由一个或两个活动抑制期组成，而对唇部多毛皮肤刺激的反应通常由单一的活动抑制期组成，其时程与口腔内刺激产生的后期阶段相似（平均潜伏期48毫秒）。无论是单次还是短串电刺激，均一致获得这些结果，这与关于口腔内和口周刺激产生相似反射的报道形成对比。咬肌活动的短潜伏期反射抑制仅能通过刺激供应口腔内组织的神经诱发，这一发现与该反射可能在咀嚼等功能中起作用的观点一致，实际上可能表明该反射专门为此目的而存在。
