Fischl M A, Dickinson G M, La Voie L
Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
JAMA. 1988 Feb 26;259(8):1185-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.259.8.1185.
The safety and efficacy of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were evaluated. Sixty patients with a new diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma and no history of opportunistic infections were randomly assigned to receive 800 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim twice per day or no therapy. None of the 30 patients receiving sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim developed P carinii pneumonia. Sixteen of the 30 patients receiving no suppressive therapy developed P carinii pneumonia. Development of P carinii pneumonia was associated with the stage of Kaposi's sarcoma, B subtype disease, and the presence of 0.20 X 10(9)/L (200/mm3) or fewer CD4 cells at study entry. The proportion of patients surviving and the mean length of survival were significantly greater in the treatment group compared with the control group. Adverse reactions occurred in 15 patients (50%).
对磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶预防与获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）相关的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的安全性和有效性进行了评估。60例新诊断为卡波西肉瘤且无机会性感染病史的患者被随机分配，分别接受每日两次800毫克磺胺甲恶唑和160毫克甲氧苄啶治疗或不接受治疗。接受磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶治疗的30例患者中无一例发生卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。未接受抑制治疗的30例患者中有16例发生了卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的发生与卡波西肉瘤的分期、B亚型疾病以及研究开始时CD4细胞计数为0.20×10⁹/L（200/mm³）或更少有关。与对照组相比，治疗组患者的存活比例和平均存活时间显著更高。15例患者（50%）出现了不良反应。
